{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:21:01Z","timestamp":1787170861048,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucous fibrosis is a high\u2010risk oral potentially malignant disorder, but little is known about its immune microenvironment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Thirty samples of oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucous fibrosis, 30 oral leukoplakia samples, and 30 oral submucous fibrosis samples were collected from two hospitals. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze expression of T cell biomarkers [CD3, CD4, CD8, and Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3)], a B cell biomarker (CD20), macrophage biomarkers (CD68 and CD163), an immune inhibitory receptor ligand (PD\u2010L1), and Ki\u201067.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The numbers of CD3\n +<\/jats:sup>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001), CD4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.018), and CD8\n +<\/jats:sup>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.031) cells in oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucous fibrosis were less than those in oral leukoplakia. The number of CD4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n cells (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.035) in oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral leukoplakia was higher than that in oral submucous fibrosis. More CD3\n +<\/jats:sup>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001), CD4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001), Foxp3\n +<\/jats:sup>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.019), and CD163\n +<\/jats:sup>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.029) cells were found in oral leukoplakia than in oral submucous fibrosis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Various levels of immune infiltration were observed among oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia, and oral submucous fibrosis. Characterization of the immune microenvironment may contribute to personalized immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T16:20:35Z","timestamp":1682094035000},"page":"666-672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The preliminary exploration of immune microenvironment in oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucosal fibrosis: A comparative immunohistochemical study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3212-7474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinjia","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices Beijing People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034) Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices Beijing People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034) Beijing People's Republic of 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