{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T06:17:27Z","timestamp":1793859447948,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta\u2010analysis aimed to assess the rate of malignant transformation (MT) of oral leukoplakia (OL) and to study potential risk factors for the MT of OL into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a bibliographic search on nine electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Wanfang Data, for data on the MT rate of OL. Possible risk factors were calculated using Comprehensive Meta\u2010Analysis and Open Meta [Analyst] software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pooled proportion of OL MT for the total population described in the 26 selected studies was 7.20% (95% confidence interval: 5.40\u20139.10%). Nonhomogeneous type lesions, higher grades of dysplasia, the location of the lesion (tongue and multifocal), and female sex had significant effects on the MT of OL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OL tended to develop into OSCC (7.2%), and those with significant MT risk factors should be subjected to regular follow\u2010up and observation. However, we require large\u2010scale prospective studies to validate these results, together with unified clinicopathological diagnostic criteria, standardized risk factor recording\/assessment methods, and long\u2010term follow\u2010up guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T15:55:08Z","timestamp":1684943708000},"page":"691-700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Malignant transformation rate of oral leukoplakia in the past 20\u2009years: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Jing\u2010Yao","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Stomatology Jinan University  Guangzhou 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