{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T22:39:52Z","timestamp":1785278392315,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,5]],"date-time":"2015-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Prosthodontics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are recognized as one of the most controversial topics in dentistry, despite the fact that both basic science and clinical researchers have currently reached some degree of consensus. This study aimed to conduct a questionnaire\u2010based survey about the management of TMD patients by general dental practitioners (GDPs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred fifty\u2010one GDPs with a private practice in a city of southern Brazil were included, independent of school of origin, gender, graduation year, and curriculum content. All participants were administered a questionnaire about the management of patients with TMD, and the responses were analyzed by binomial and chi\u2010square tests (\u03b1 = 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the GDPs, 88.7% received TMD patients, who were primarily diagnosed on the basis of medical history (36.6%) or physical examination (30.4%). Of these, 65.4% referred the patients elsewhere, primarily to specialists in occlusion (36.1%) or orthodontics (29.7%). Occlusal splinting was the most commonly used management modality (20.8%), followed by occlusal adjustment (18.1%) and pharmacotherapy (16.6%). Splints were fabricated in maximum habitual intercuspation or centric relation depending on individual patient (54.8%). The hard stabilization form was the most common type of appliance used (35.0%). Moreover, 73.8% of the GDPs did not employ semi\u2010adjustable articulators, and 69.5% adjusted the appliances at the time of fixing. The duration of splint use and the frequency of follow\u2010up were considered patient dependent by 62.1% and 72.8%, respectively. GDPs considered the two major TMD etiologic categories as multifactorial (20.8%) and occlusion (19.9%). Multidisciplinary medical and dental treatment was considered necessary by 97.9%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The evaluated general dental practitioners manage TMD patients according to international guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,5]],"date-time":"2015-01-05T06:09:59Z","timestamp":1420438199000},"page":"33-38","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Survey of the Management of Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders by General Dental Practitioners in Southern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Raquel H. S.","family":"Aldrigue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry State University of Ponta Grossa  Ponta Grossa Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Ayala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry State University of Ponta Grossa  Ponta Grossa Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa M.","family":"Urban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry State University of Ponta Grossa  Ponta Grossa Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana C.","family":"Pavarina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School University Estadual Paulista  Araraquara Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janaina H.","family":"Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School University Estadual Paulista  Araraquara Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nara H.","family":"Campanha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry State University of Ponta Grossa  Ponta Grossa Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"Position paper: appropriate use of pharmacotherapeutic agents by the orofacial pain dentist","volume":"25","author":"Heir GM","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Orofac 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