{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:10:07Z","timestamp":1789675807132,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Prosthodontics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This in vitro study aimed to compare flexural strength, surface roughness, and biofilm formation of ceramic\u2010reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with conventionally heat\u2010compressed and milled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture base materials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty strips (6.4 mm \u00d7 10 mm \u00d7 3\u00a0mm) and 30 discs (10 mm \u00d7 1\u00a0mm) were fabricated from a heat\u2010compressed PMMA, milled PMMA, and ceramic\u2010reinforced PEEK, 10 each. One surface of each sample was polished to mimic the laboratory procedure for denture base materials. Strips were then subjected to a three\u2010point bend test using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5.0\u00a0mm\/min. An optical profilometer was used to assess the Ra value (mm) of the discs on polished and unpolished sides. Biofilm formation behavior was analyzed by measuring the colony\u2010forming unit (CFU)\/mL of <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> on the unpolished surface of the discs. One\u2010way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple comparison tests were used to compare the flexural strength, Ra value, and biofilm formation of the studied materials (<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ceramic\u2010reinforced PEEK showed significantly higher flexural strength (178.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.2\u00a0MPa) than milled PMMA (89.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.8\u00a0MPa; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and heat\u2010compressed PMMA (67.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.3\u00a0MPa; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Ceramic\u2010reinforced PEEK exhibited a significantly higher Ra value than the other groups on unpolished sides; however, the polishing process significantly reduced the Ra values of all studied groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). There was no significant difference in <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> adhesion among the groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The flexural strength of tested materials was within acceptable limits for clinical use as a denture base material. Ceramic\u2010reinforced PEEK had the highest surface roughness; however, its similarity in biofilm formation to other groups indicates its clinical acceptability as denture base material.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T22:01:10Z","timestamp":1701986470000},"page":"189-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Flexural strength, surface roughness, and biofilm formation of ceramic\u2010reinforced PEEK: An in vitro comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Lolowh","family":"Almogbel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences Department College of Dentistry King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre Ministry of National Guard Health 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