{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T00:05:42Z","timestamp":1790899542002,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Prosthodontics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare mechanical, optical, and physical properties of denture base materials fabricated with various 3D printing systems to reference milled and conventionally heat\u2010processed denture base materials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Specimens of denture base materials were either 3D\u2010printed (DLP in\u2010office printer, CLIP laboratory printer, or material jetting laboratory printer), milled, or heat processed. 3\u2010point bend flexural strength testing was performed after 50 hours of water storage following 1hour of drying (dry testing) or in 37\u00b0C water (wet testing). Fracture toughness was performed with a notched beam specimen after 7 days of water storage and tested dry. The translucency parameter was measured with 2\u00a0mm thick specimens. Stain resistance was measured as color change following 14 days of storage in 37\u00b0C coffee. Water sorption was measured following 7 days of storage in 37\u00b0C distilled water.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For dry testing, all but one of the 3D\u2010printed materials attained higher or equivalent flexural strength as the reference materials. For wet testing, all 3D\u2010printed materials attained higher or equivalent strength as the reference materials and dry\u2010tested materials. For 3D\u2010printed materials, wet testing increased displacement before fracture whereas it decreased displacement for the reference materials. Only two of the 3D\u2010printed materials had similar fracture toughness as the reference materials. One of the 3D\u2010printed materials was more translucent and one was more opaque than the reference materials. Only one of the 3D\u2010printed materials absorbed more water than the reference materials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3D\u2010printed denture base materials have mostly equivalent mechanical, optical, and physical properties to conventional and milled denture base materials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T01:20:35Z","timestamp":1727227235000},"page":"553-560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Flexural strength, fracture toughness, translucency, stain resistance, and water sorption of 3D\u2010printed, milled, and conventional denture base materials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9684-2015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathaniel C.","family":"Lawson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Community Sciences School of Dentistry The University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamen","family":"Safadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Sciences School of Dentistry The University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Alford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry UAB College of Arts and Sciences  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himanshi","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Sciences School of Dentistry The University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pranit V.","family":"Bora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinic Essentials and Simulation School of Dentistry University of Detroit Mercy  Detroit USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Sciences School of Dentistry The University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Givan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Sciences School of Dentistry The University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13535"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2021.103785"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13491"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2021.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13413"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"321","article-title":"Evaluation of the influence of build orientation on the surface roughness and flexural strength of 3D\u2010printed denture base resin and its comparison with CAD\u2010CAM milled denture base resin","volume":"18","author":"Alharethi NA","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/ijp.8295"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13554"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04122-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2186\/jpr.JPR_D_21_00116"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13175"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16196559"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","volume-title":"The science and engineering of materials","author":"Askeland DR","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2022.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-03991-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization (ISO).Dentistry \u2014 Base polymers Part 1: Denture base polymers. 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