{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:08:34Z","timestamp":1790795314454,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Prosthodontics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the impact of glazing denture base resins (heat\u2010polymerized and 3D\u2010printed) on surface, mechanical, and microbiological properties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Discs (10\u00a0\u00d7\u00a03\u00a0mm) and bars (64\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\u00a0\u00d7\u00a03.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2\u00a0mm) were manufactured using heat\u2010polymerized denture base resin (CT) and 3D\u2010printed denture base resin (Yller [YL], Prizma [PZ] and PrintaX [PX]). These were divided into two groups: unglazed and glazed. Surface roughness (Ra), wettability (contact angle), brightness (GU), and topography (via scanning electron microscopy) were assessed, along with microbiological analysis of dual\u2010species biofilms (Streptococcus\n                      <jats:italic>mitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and Candida\n                      <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and Knoop microhardness on discs (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 10). Flexural strength testing was conducted separately on bars (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 20). Half of the specimens subjected to surface and mechanical characterizations were thermocycled (10,000 cycles). Mann\u2013Whitney test (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and simple and multiple linear regression analysis (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.20) were employed to evaluate the impact of glazing on denture base resins.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The application of glaze reduced roughness by 0.33 \u00b5m and water contact angle by 8.47\u00ba, while increasing brightness by 21.30 units (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) for 3D\u2010printed resins compared to CT. After thermal cycling, roughness and wettability increased, while brightness decreased (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). The glaze also increased hardness, with no adverse effects from thermal cycling (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), and enhanced flexural strength for PZ compared to CT (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Additionally, C.\n                      <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonization decreased by 7.79 log CFU\/mL in mixed biofilms for 3D\u2010printed resins compared to CT (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The application of glaze resulted in smoother, brighter, and harder surfaces for the 3D\u2010printed resins, while also reducing biofilm colonization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.14001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T23:45:28Z","timestamp":1734392728000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["3D\u2010printed denture base resins: Glazing as an alternative to improve surface, mechanical, and microbiological properties"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4126-7900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Larisse","family":"Carneiro Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)  Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro","family":"dos Santos Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology Piracicaba Dental School Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)  Piracicaba S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manass\u00e9s Tercio Vieira","family":"Grangeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP)  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie Karoline Bezerra","family":"de Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)  Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Antonio","family":"Bottino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials Dental Materials, and Prosthodontics Institute of Science and Technology S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP)  S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentim A. 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