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These factors include (1) the comprehensiveness of research, development, and application of MJM\u2010based technology; (2) the physiological significance of the MJM signal for various clinical tasks; (3) the technical transparency; and (4) the interpretability of the MJM signal. Comparisons with the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal are made where applicable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Proficiency in biosignal interpretation is essential for the success of AI\u2010driven diagnostic tools and for maximizing the clinical benefits through enhanced physiological insight. 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