{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T09:00:42Z","timestamp":1791536442523,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Prosthodontics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically review and synthesize the available scientific evidence on maximum masticatory forces in adults with complete natural dentition, analyzing differences by anatomical region of the dental arch and by sex, and the influence of the recording protocol and measurement device.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024575463). Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched without date restrictions. Studies reporting maximum bite force values in healthy adults (18\u201365 years) with complete dentition were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. Quantitative synthesis was performed using a random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis (DerSimonian\u2010Laird model) to estimate pooled mean values. Heterogeneity was assessed using the\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      statistic and investigated through subgroup analyses stratified by measurement device, recording protocol (unilateral\/bilateral), sex, and dental region, as well as meta\u2010regression for age.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. Seventeen out of these 30 studies (56.67%) were rated as high quality, 7 (23.33%) as moderate quality, and 6 (20%) as low quality. Meta\u2010analysis confirmed a significant anteroposterior gradient, peaking in the whole dental arch, where the highest mean forces were recorded (males: ; females: 637.22). Significant sexual dimorphism was confirmed across all regions (), with male values in the molar region () consistently exceeding those of females (). Meta\u2010regression revealed that a model adjusting for age, sex, and region explains  of the variance, identifying the measurement device and anatomical location as the dominant drivers of heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maximum masticatory force varies significantly across dental arch regions and between sexes, with posterior teeth showing higher force values. While sexual dimorphism and age are critical biological modulators, reported values are highly dependent on the measurement device and recording protocol (unilateral vs. bilateral). These findings provide stratified reference values for clinical use while underscoring the need for protocol and technological standardization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.70157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T09:57:36Z","timestamp":1778579856000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Maximum bite forces in healthy adults with complete natural dentition: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Anitua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Implant Dentistry, Cl\u00ednica Eduardo Anitua Vitoria Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Research, University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology\u2014UIRMI (UPV\/EHU\u2010Fundaci\u00f3n Eduardo Anitua) Vitoria Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, BTI Biotechnology Institute Vitoria 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