{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T08:04:11Z","timestamp":1790323451700,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Prosthodontics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conventional nasal prosthesis design strongly depends on the artistic skills and experience of the anaplastologist. Digital approaches may reduce this dependency by automating patient\u2010specific nasal shape generation. Statistical shape modeling (SSM) enables computation of a nose that aligns with an individual's facial morphology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty participants without facial deformities underwent three\u2010dimensional (3D) facial scanning using an Artec Space Spider optical scanner. For each participant, the original nose (OG\u2010nose) was digitally removed to create a standardized artificial nasal defect. An SSM\u2010based algorithm reconstructed a nasal shape (SSM\u2010nose), which was positioned on the facial model. A blinded assessment panel of participants, healthcare professionals, and patients evaluated randomized facial models featuring either the OG\u2010nose or SSM\u2010nose. Standardized questionnaires assessed natural appearance, aesthetics, notability, and facial harmony, and specific nasal characteristics (size, width, shape, depth, and pose). A paired\u2010comparison questionnaire asked assessors to indicate their preferred nose. Objective comparison used predefined anthropometric measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pooled analysis revealed significant differences for natural appearance and fit to the face, with SSM\u2010noses rated lower than OG\u2010noses. Case\u2010wise comparisons, however, revealed no significant differences between OG\u2010nose and SSM\u2010nose ratings. In the paired preference assessment, healthcare professionals selected the OG\u2010nose in 47% and the SSM\u2010nose in 41% of cases; participants preferred the OG\u2010nose in 71% and the SSM\u2010nose in 17%. Several anthropometric parameters differed significantly, though absolute differences were small. Differences mainly concerned nasal projection, with reduced nasal bridge height (\u22121.9\u00a0mm), pronasale depth (\u22124.1\u00a0mm), and columella length (\u22123.9\u00a0mm), accompanied by corresponding angular changes, indicating slightly reduced protrusion in SSM\u2010noses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SSM\u2011based nasal reconstructions were largely comparable to original noses, supporting the feasibility of this approach for digital anaplastology, although systematic under\u2011projection indicates the need for further model refinement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.70243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T07:33:31Z","timestamp":1790321611000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Statistical shape modeling for digital nasal prosthesis design: Subjective and anthropometric validation"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2815-7037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tjitske","family":"Bannink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Verwelius 3D Lab Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery Netherlands Cancer Institute \u2013 Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evie H. M.","family":"Graus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Verwelius 3D Lab Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery Netherlands Cancer Institute \u2013 Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3551-6707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maarten J. A.","family":"van Alphen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Verwelius 3D Lab Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery Netherlands Cancer Institute \u2013 Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6338-6743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michiel W. M. van den","family":"Brekel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Verwelius 3D Lab Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery Netherlands Cancer Institute \u2013 Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Center of Language and Communication University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1700-5743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Baris","family":"Karakulluk\u00e7u","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Verwelius 3D Lab Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery Netherlands Cancer Institute \u2013 Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000155282.48465.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21053\/ceo.2019.00192"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2017.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2015.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10746\u2010017\u20109426\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5840\/techne2016121659"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2019.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18073756"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000346668"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12008\u2010012\u20100159\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0309364613489333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpor.2019.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2011.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548\u2010024\u201003206\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PaysanP KnotheR AmbergB RomdhaniS VetterT.A 3D face model for pose and illumination invariant face recognition. 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