{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:08:15Z","timestamp":1792613295022,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Personality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explain and predict unethical behavior, much attention has been devoted to the \u201cDark Triad of Personality\u201d, a set of three socially aversive personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Despite its popularity, research on the Dark Triad has been beset by recurring concerns surrounding the distinctiveness of its components. Herein, we propose an alternative theoretical view that conceptualizes the Dark Triad traits as specific manifestations of the common core of aversive traits (conceptualized as the Dark Factor of Personality, D) flavored by unique, essentially non\u2010aversive characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>In two studies (total <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> &gt;\u20091000), we test this idea by examining the conceptual and empirical overlap and specificity of the Dark Triad traits vis\u2010\u00e0\u2010vis D and each other.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings support the conceptualization of the Dark Triad traits as flavored manifestations of D and also reveal a marked discrepancy between the current conceptualization of the Dark Triad traits and the empirical structure of its subdimensions. In fact, evidence clearly failed to support the existence of a triad of traits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Conceptualizing single aversive traits as a conjunction of core D aspects and essentially non\u2010aversive characteristics (admiration; disinhibition vs. planfulness; vulnerability vs. boldness) holds promise to move the field forward.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jopy.12785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T16:43:57Z","timestamp":1666111437000},"page":"1084-1109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Rethinking aversive personality: Decomposing the Dark Triad traits into their common core and unique flavors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5706-8933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Bader","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology and Education Ulm University  Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1470-1882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin E.","family":"Hilbig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Psychology University of Koblenz\u2010Landau  Landau Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6140-7160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingo","family":"Zettler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Copenhagen Center for Social Data Science (SODAS) University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2929-7288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morten","family":"Moshagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology and Education Ulm University  Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191114568113"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034431"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24612-3_704"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0001006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","volume-title":"Rethinking aversive personality: Decomposing the Dark Triad Traits into their common core and unique flavors","author":"Bader M.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2021.2019587"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2019.33.5.623"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1930297500000334"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2020.103401"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118619179"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00773"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u20103514.63.3.452"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20142"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","volume-title":"Studies in Machiavellianism","author":"Christie R.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","volume-title":"The mask of sanity: An attempt to clarify some issues about the so\u2010called psychopathic personality","author":"Cleckley H. 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