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This cross\u2010sectional investigation examined CVE and psychological symptoms among early adolescents (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009346) and young adults (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009499) living in a chronically violent region of Michoac\u00e1n, Mexico. Participants completed validated measures of witnessing violence, personal victimization, school belonging, depressive symptoms, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Results indicated that CVE was widespread in both age groups and consistently associated with elevated depressive symptoms and PTSS. Notably, developmentally distinct moderation patterns emerged. Among early adolescents, higher school belonging intensified the associations between CVE and depressive symptoms, consistent with a vulnerable\u2010reactive pattern. In contrast, school belonging buffered the association between CVE and PTSS among young adults. These findings suggest that the function of school belonging may differ by developmental stage, operating as a source of potential ecological sensitivity in early adolescence and as a resilience resource in young adulthood. Results underscore the importance of developmentally tailored supports for youth navigating chronic violence in the Global South.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jora.70235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T04:53:18Z","timestamp":1785127998000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Community violence exposure and mental health in urban Mexico: The moderating role of school belonging in early adolescence and young adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6935-5019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea S.","family":"Medrano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7928-7208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick T.","family":"Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8346-5480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"\u00c1lvarez \u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Universidad Michoac\u00e1na de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo  Uruapan Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6928-6049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francheska","family":"Alers\u2010Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development &amp; Family Sciences University of Texas at Austin  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","volume-title":"Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions","author":"Aiken L. 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