{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T14:45:49Z","timestamp":1785163549495,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,10]],"date-time":"2013-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["200-2002-00800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["200-2002-00800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of School Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seattle Public Schools has implemented policies and programs to increase safety, family involvement, and student achievement for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LGBTQ<\/jats:styled-content>) youth. This case study examines students' perceptions of bullying and harassment in the school environment, and teacher intervention when these problems arise in the presence of strong district policies and programs aimed at reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LGBTQ<\/jats:styled-content> bullying and harassment in schools.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We surveyed students in Gay\u2010Straight Alliance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSA<\/jats:styled-content>) groups at 13 secondary schools (N\u2009=\u2009107). We also conducted focus groups with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSA<\/jats:styled-content> students and students not involved in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSAs<\/jats:styled-content> in 7 of 13 schools (N\u2009=\u200916 groups, including 154 students).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSA<\/jats:styled-content> students who were lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LGBQ<\/jats:styled-content>) were significantly more likely than straight students to experience several types of harassment. On the basis of student report, the 2 most common intervention strategies by teachers for verbal harassment included stopping the harassment and explaining why it is wrong; teachers intervened in physical harassment by trying to stop the harassment. Students provided input on how to strengthen teacher interventions, including the need for more consistency in responding and following up. Students also noted a need for more focus on educating those who harass, rather than just asking them to stop.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seattle Public Schools has made great strides in creating safe and welcoming schools for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LGBTQ<\/jats:styled-content> students, but still have to work further toward reaching this goal. Data from students on how they experience their school environment can help identify areas for improvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.12120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,10]],"date-time":"2013-12-10T08:25:07Z","timestamp":1386663907000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["\u201cThey Were Only Joking\u201d: Efforts to Decrease <scp>LGBTQ<\/scp> Bullying and Harassment in Seattle Public Schools"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Pamela","family":"Hillard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Love","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather M.","family":"Franks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. A.","family":"Laris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin K.","family":"Coyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"07","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sexual identity, sex of sexual contacts, and health risk behaviors among students in grades 9\u201012\u2014Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, selected sites, United States, 2001\u20132009","volume":"60","author":"Kann L","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2006.11.075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-005-7264-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","unstructured":"Kosciw JG Greytak EA Diaz EM Bartkiewicz MJ. The 2009 National School Climate Survey: the experiences of lesbian gay bisexual and transgender youth in our nation's schools. Available at:http:\/\/www.glsen.org\/cgi\u2010bin\/iowa\/all\/research\/index.html. 2010. Accessed July 18 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801207301557"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/0013189X11422112"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1080\/02796015.2008.12087894","article-title":"Homophobic teasing, psychological outcomes, and sexual orientation among high school students: what influence do parents and schools have?","volume":"37","author":"Espelage DL","year":"2008","journal-title":"School Psych Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260506293482"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-1561.2011.00583.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-009-9397-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-010-9540-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.6.940"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2379-3988.2010.tb00065.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pits.20173"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-008-9364-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"Greytak EA Kosciw JG. Year one evaluation of the New York City Department of Education Respect for All training program. Available at:http:\/\/www.glsen.org\/cgi\u2010bin\/iowa\/all\/library\/record\/2587.html?state=research&type=research. Published June 2010. Accessed February 6 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen J","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sw\/46.2.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300430"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOYO.0000025322.11510.9d"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","unstructured":"Hunt R Jensen J. The school report: the experience of young gay people in Britain's schools.2007. Available at:https:\/\/www.stonewall.org.uk\/documents\/school_report.pdf. 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