{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:57:08Z","timestamp":1782935828331,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003187","name":"National Sleep Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of School Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Given the documented benefits of later school start times on adolescents' mental health, the aim of the current study was to examine if the association between school start times and depressive symptoms differed across adolescents from families of different socioeconomic status levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using a cross\u2010sectional design, the current study incorporated an online survey for high school students and their parents across the United States, with average sleep duration measured through a 7\u2010day sleep diary. A total of 193 adolescent (Mean<jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a015.7\u2009years old, SD\u00a0=\u00a0.94; 54.4% female; 71% white) and parent (Mean<jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a047.6\u2009years old, SD\u00a0=\u00a05.4; 80% female; 79% white) dyads participated. Adolescents reported on depressive symptoms, sleep quality and duration, chronotype, and demographic covariates; parents reported on school start times and socioeconomic status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results suggested that only in adolescents from higher socioeconomic status families (+1 SD) did the association between later start times and fewer depressive symptoms emerge as significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although more school start times research is needed to understand its impact across diverse groups of students, current findings suggest a disproportionate benefit of reduced depression for youth from families of higher socioeconomic status with having a later start time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.13127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]],"date-time":"2021-12-24T06:24:07Z","timestamp":1640327047000},"page":"309-315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Equal Benefits? An Examination of the Potential Consequences of Later School Start Times for Adolescents and Their Mental Health"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9354-5581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jack S.","family":"Peltz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Daemen College  4380 Main Street Amherst NY 14226 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Buckhalt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auburn University  Auburn AL 36849 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2014.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6703a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2017.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.12622"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2010.96"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2013.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2017.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2018.10.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2018.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2011.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2020.06.006"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"CD009467","article-title":"Later school start times for supporting the education, health, and well\u2010being of high school students","volume":"2017","author":"Marx R","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302619"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019263650208663302"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/pol.3.3.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27345"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2018.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","unstructured":"WahlstromKL DretzkeBJ GordonMF PetersonK EdwardsK GdulaJ.Examining the impact of later high school start times on the health and academic performance of high school students: a multi\u2010site study. 2014:72."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000000018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/26.2.213"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2007.00993.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2018.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21247"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300666"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsab048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsz287"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0815H"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"A self\u2010assessment questionnaire to determine morningness\u2010eveningness in human circadian rhythms","volume":"4","author":"Horne J","year":"1976","journal-title":"Int J Chronobiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression\u2010Based Approach","author":"Hayes A","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econedurev.2012.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-020-0820-2"},{"issue":"72","key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","first-page":"204","article-title":"Snooze or lose: high school start times and academic achievement","volume":"2019","author":"Groen JA","year":"2018","journal-title":"Econ Educ Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2009.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40675-019-00148-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2017.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12226"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.12983"}],"container-title":["Journal of School Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/josh.13127","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/josh.13127","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/josh.13127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T16:02:37Z","timestamp":1693152157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/josh.13127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/josh.13127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/josh.13127","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4391","1746-1561"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4391","type":"print"},{"value":"1746-1561","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}