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Weight was based on body mass index (BMI) z\u2010scores according to the WHO reference and anemia status was defined by standardized hemoglobin (Hb) measure cut\u2010offs. We calculated dietary diversity scores (DDS) from a 24\u2010hour dietary recall and a global diet quality score (GDQS) from a 7\u2010day dietary recall.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of obesity (5%) and anemia (50%) was relatively high among the students, which differed significantly between gender, household wealth and school grade, but not age groups. Eighteen percent of the female adolescents were overweight or obese and 22% were moderately anemic compared to 13% and 16% of the male adolescents. Dietary diversity was significantly different between weight categories, but not anemia status. For physical activity, those taking transportation to school were significantly more likely to be overweight or obese. In adjusted multivariable Poisson regression analyses, only the DDS was significantly associated with thinness and both thinness and anemia, while taking transportation to school was significantly associated with overweight among adolescents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>We encourage the promotion of school\u2010based interventions and provision of a curriculum on health and healthy eating in order to reduce obesity, anemia, and its comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.13233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T05:40:22Z","timestamp":1661146822000},"page":"1081-1095","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Prevalence of Obesity and Anemia Among Early Adolescents in Junior Secondary Schools: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1321-1731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Mank","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120 Heidelberg, German Institute for Development Evaluation (DEval)  Fritz\u2010Schaeffer\u2010Str. 26 Bonn 53113 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0090-8249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan\u2010Walter","family":"De Neve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University  Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3 69120 Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joy","family":"Mauti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University  Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3 69120 Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume A.","family":"Gyengani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanebor Consult Sarl  06 BP 10518 Ouagadougou 06 Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul\u2010Andr\u00e9","family":"Som\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanebor Consult Sarl  06 BP 10518 Ouagadougou 06 Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6369-4212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sachin","family":"Shinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H. 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