{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T14:24:38Z","timestamp":1789395878569,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of School Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Childhood obesity disproportionately affects low\u2010income Hispanic children. After\u2010school programs (ASPs) provide opportunities to address nutritional disparities through targeted educational interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated a 5\u2010week general nutrition education program in 80 third\u2010 to sixth\u2010grade students at a Title I elementary school. Nutrition knowledge, self\u2010efficacy, and dietary behaviors were assessed using the Healthy Plate Photo Method (HPPM) and healthy habits survey (HHS). Data were analyzed using ANCOVA and mediation analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant improvements occurred in nutriti`on knowledge (HPPM:\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.51,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; HHS:\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.52,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Attendance positively predicted knowledge gains (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.38\u20130.39). However, no significant changes were observed in self\u2010efficacy (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.53) or dietary behaviors (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.82). Self\u2010efficacy did not mediate the knowledge\u2013behavior relationship.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and Equity.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brief ASP nutrition interventions can effectively enhance foundational knowledge among underserved populations. However, achieving behavioral change may require longer interventions incorporating self\u2010efficacy building strategies and environmental supports. Schools should integrate family and community components to address socioeconomic barriers affecting dietary practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While ASPs successfully improve nutrition knowledge, translating knowledge into sustained dietary behavior changes may require comprehensive, multi\u2010level interventions addressing individual, family, and community factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.70099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T10:17:29Z","timestamp":1764843449000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluating a Nutrition Education Program's Impact on Knowledge and Eating Behavior Among Low\u2010Income Youth: A Social Cognitive Theory Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6639-3797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kahyun","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Education and Human Service Professions University of Minnesota \u2010 Duluth  Duluth Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0355-0695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela Hodges","family":"Kulinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College for Teaching and Learning Innovation Arizona State University  Tempe Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2965-7423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarita","family":"Pivovarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College for Teaching and Learning Innovation Arizona State University  Tempe Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7445-314X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jongseon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College for Teaching and Learning Innovation Arizona State University  Tempe Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3529-3571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Albaloul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College for Teaching and Learning Innovation Arizona State University  Tempe Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults and Youth: United States, 2015\u20132016","volume":"288","author":"Hales C. 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