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Prior systematic reviews documented positive associations between school nutrition\u2010related policies and academics, but less is known about their associations with academic inequities. This review updates the evidence while addressing the gap on academic inequities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Building on two prior systematic reviews (2021, 2023) of naturally\u2010occurring during\u2010school U.S. nutrition policies and academics (i.e., attendance, test scores, behavior), we conducted an updated systematic search using their established terms and synthesized evidence on academic equity (differences in subgroup outcomes, i.e., race, ethnicity, income).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This updated comprehensive review includes 33 studies (10 new, 23 from the prior reviews). Newly identified studies examined Universal Free School Meals (UFSM;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096), Breakfast After the Bell (BATB;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092), the School Breakfast Program (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091), and Recess Before Lunch (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091). Most reported positive or neutral academic associations. Most studies examining equity\u2010related outcomes found larger academic improvements among subpopulations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and Equity<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>School nutrition policies can improve academic achievement while addressing educational equity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UFSM and BATB equitably improve academic performance. More research is needed for other promising policies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.70244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:24:47Z","timestamp":1791300287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["School Nutrition Policies and Associations With Academic Outcomes: A Comprehensive Summary of Current Evidence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7319-4975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary","family":"Curnutte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health &amp; Information Sciences University of Louisville  Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3773-2996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leah","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2690-2251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashely","family":"Kesack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6302-3161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parisa","family":"Afsharian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0063-9934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucine","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Nursing  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins Center for School Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0776-7995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gina","family":"Genova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health &amp; Information Sciences University of Louisville  Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5499-2952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin","family":"Hager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Center for School Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3145-6014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merrimack College  North Andover Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1023907"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542\u20105196(22)00123\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"CDC Childhood Nutrition Facts. 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