{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T14:21:46Z","timestamp":1782915706326,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]],"date-time":"2013-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atrioventricular septal defect (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVSD<\/jats:styled-content>) is widely accepted as the most common type of congenital heart defect in trisomy 21. Most of these studies, however, were conducted in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>aucasian communities. The few <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>sian studies that had been conducted on this subject yielded different results. In the largest study of its kind in Asia, we described the distribution of types of congenital heart defects associated with trisomy 21 in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>ingapore.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five hundred and eighty\u2010eight patients with trisomy 21 born in 1996\u20132010, and confirmed by karyotyping, were included in the study. The diagnosis of congenital heart defects were made on echocardiography. Variables extracted for analysis were demographics (race and gender) and the types of congenital heart defects. Except for complex cyanotic heart defects, haemodynamically significant lesions were accounted for separately in cases where more than one type of congenital heart defect coexisted in a patient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ventricular septal defect (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSD<\/jats:styled-content>) (39.2%) was the most common congenital heart defect associated with trisomy 21 in our study, followed by patent ductus arteriosus (34.3%), secundum atrial septal defect (23.4%) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVSD<\/jats:styled-content> (15.6%). This study validates previous smaller <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>sian studies identifying <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSD<\/jats:styled-content> as the most common cardiac lesion associated with trisomy 21. A high proportion (25.0%) of trisomy 21 patients with tetralogy of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>allot also had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVSD<\/jats:styled-content>s. Coarctation of the aorta was uncommon.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSD<\/jats:styled-content> was the most common congenital heart defect seen in trisomy 21 in our study. A high proportion (25.0%) of trisomy 21 patients with tetralogy of Fallot also had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVSD<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]],"date-time":"2013-02-26T12:10:20Z","timestamp":1361880620000},"page":"223-227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Types and distribution of congenital heart defects associated with trisomy 21 in Singapore"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Monica","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cunzhi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah KR","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeline LH","family":"Seow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teng Hong","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Cardiology KK Women's and Children's Hospital, SingHealth  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swee Chye","family":"Quek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"622","article-title":"Cardiopatias congenitas en el syndrome de Down","volume":"41","author":"Rodriguez LH","year":"1984","journal-title":"Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19981116)80:3<213::AID-AJMG6>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"382","article-title":"Congenital cardiovascular malformations in Chinese children with Down's syndrome","volume":"102","author":"Lo NS","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J. (Engl.)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"474","article-title":"Cardiovascular malformations in Malaysian neonates with Down's syndrome","volume":"31","author":"Hoe TS","year":"1990","journal-title":"Singapore Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289703600603"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"Study of Down syndrome in 238 942 consecutive births","volume":"41","author":"Stoll C","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.36.2.197"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Down's syndrome with congenital malformation","volume":"131","author":"Park SC","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am. J. Dis. Child."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(89)80605-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","article-title":"Prevalence of heart disease in trisomy 21: an unbiased population","volume":"25","author":"Martin GR","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320370715"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.46.3.211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199407000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(61)90157-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcd.0000198925.94082.ea"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)61484-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)34070-X","article-title":"Surgical repair of complete atrioventricular canal defects in infancy: twenty year trends","volume":"106","author":"Hanley FL","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)38458-2","article-title":"Complete atrioventricular canal associated with tetralogy of Fallot: morphologic and surgical considerations","volume":"87","author":"Uretzky G","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."}],"container-title":["Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjpc.12129","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjpc.12129","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpc.12129","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]],"date-time":"2023-10-15T04:29:25Z","timestamp":1697344165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpc.12129"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jpc.12129"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpc.12129","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1034-4810","1440-1754"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1034-4810","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1754","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-06-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-02-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}