{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T09:12:12Z","timestamp":1783588332015,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,9]],"date-time":"2013-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Historically, children with acute osteomyelitis received 4\u20136 weeks of parenteral antibiotics; however, evidence to guide optimal duration of therapy is limited. This study aims to summarise the available evidence on the duration and choice of antimicrobial therapy for acute haematogenous osteomyelitis in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We systematically reviewed the literature on children with acute osteomyelitis to determine if shorter durations of antibiotic treatment compared with protracted treatment gave different cure rates. We also analysed studies for choice of antibiotics to determine differences in success rates. Randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case\u2010control studies and case series were eligible for inclusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified six randomised controlled trials, three of which addressed duration of antibiotic use and three choice of antibiotic for acute osteomyelitis in children. We found 28 observational studies, 20 of which focused on duration and 22 of which allowed analysis of choice of antibiotic. A range of therapy durations and types of antibiotics were assessed. Only one small study looked at treatment of neonates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The quality of evidence on antibiotic treatment for acute osteomyelitis is limited, allowing only weak (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GRADE<\/jats:styled-content> 2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>) recommendations. Our review suggests that early transition from intravenous to oral therapy, after 3\u20134 days in patients responding well, followed by oral therapy to a total of 3 weeks may be as effective as longer courses for uncomplicated acute osteomyelitis. This recommendation does not apply to neonates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,10]],"date-time":"2013-06-10T04:37:36Z","timestamp":1370839056000},"page":"760-768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Systematic review of duration and choice of systemic antibiotic therapy for acute haematogenous bacterial osteomyelitis in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Annaleise R","family":"Howard\u2010Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Isaacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Children's Hospital at Westmead  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-8-45"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2005.00538.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-002-0012-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/berh.1999.0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-011-0202-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31816fc34c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/15.Supplement_1.S162"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470692172.ch11"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199301000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000164162.00163.9d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/47.2.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/pis035","article-title":"Influence of culture results on management and outcome of pediatric osteomyelitis and\/or septic arthritis","volume":"1","author":"Wheeler AM","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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