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After discharge, 28 (88%) families were telephoned and provided additional information. Documented risk factors included close contact with young children (46%), living with a smoker (36%), intensive or special care at birth (25%), pre\u2010existing illness (16%) and preterm birth (14%). The number of persons per household was double the state average. Only 14% of mothers were vaccinated against seasonal influenza. Infants commonly presented with cough (69%), coryza (69%), lethargy (38%), fever (31%), dyspnoea (31%) and vomiting (28%). Complications included pneumonia (22%), and bacterial (9%) and viral (6%) co\u2010infection. Five infants (15%) required admission to intensive care, and one was mechanically ventilated. Sixteen (57%) had ongoing respiratory problems, and six (21%) presented to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>mergency <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>epartment within 6 months of discharge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These novel data are clinically important. Rates of influenza in infants may be reduced by vaccinating close contacts and minimising exposure to infected contacts and cigarette smoke.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,19]],"date-time":"2013-06-19T11:47:38Z","timestamp":1371642458000},"page":"635-640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Influenza infection in infants aged &lt;6 months during the <scp>H<\/scp>1<scp>N<\/scp>1\u201009 pandemic: A hospital\u2010based case series"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Emilia E","family":"Esterman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Program Sydney Medical School  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica M","family":"Lahra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Collaborating Centre Microbiology Department SEALS The Prince of Wales Hospital  Westmead New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine School of Medical Sciences The University of NSW  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvonne A","family":"Zurynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney  Westmead New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Booy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney  Westmead New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney  Westmead New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit  Westmead New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine The Children's Hospital at Westmead  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"ChanM.World now at the start of 2009 influenza pandemic.2009. 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