{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T19:04:17Z","timestamp":1778699057366,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]],"date-time":"2013-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Otago Research Grant"},{"name":"Dunedin School of Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"Aim<\/jats:title>The relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA<\/jats:styled-content>) and poorer neurobehavioural outcomes in school\u2010age children is well established, but the relationship in obese children and adolescents, in whom OSA<\/jats:styled-content> is more common, is not so well established. We aimed to investigate this relationship in 10\u201318\u2010year\u2010olds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Thirty\u2010one participants with a mean body mass index (BMI<\/jats:styled-content>) of 32.3 \u00b1 4.9 enrolled. BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010for\u2010age cut\u2010offs were used to define obesity. Participants underwent polysomnography and were classified into OSA<\/jats:styled-content> (apnoea\u2010hypopnoea index (AHI<\/jats:styled-content>) > 2 per hour) and non\u2010OSA<\/jats:styled-content> (AHI \u2264 2) groups. Intelligence, memory and learning, academic achievement, behaviour and executive functioning were assessed using the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, W<\/jats:styled-content>ide R<\/jats:styled-content>ange A<\/jats:styled-content>ssessment of M<\/jats:styled-content>emory and L<\/jats:styled-content>earning 2, W<\/jats:styled-content>echsler I<\/jats:styled-content>ndividual A<\/jats:styled-content>chievement T<\/jats:styled-content>est II<\/jats:styled-content> (WIAT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010II<\/jats:styled-content>), B<\/jats:styled-content>ehavioural A<\/jats:styled-content>ssessment S<\/jats:styled-content>ystem for C<\/jats:styled-content>hildren 2 and B<\/jats:styled-content>ehaviour R<\/jats:styled-content>ating I<\/jats:styled-content>nventory of E<\/jats:styled-content>xecutive F<\/jats:styled-content>unction, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Forty\u2010eight per cent (15\/31) were classified as having OSA<\/jats:styled-content>, and 52% (16\/31) as non\u2010OSA<\/jats:styled-content>. The obese cohort performed below the average of normative data on several neurobehavioural measures. WIAT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010II<\/jats:styled-content> maths scores were significantly lower (P<\/jats:italic> = 0.034) in the OSA<\/jats:styled-content> group than in the non\u2010OSA<\/jats:styled-content> group (means 84.5 vs. 94.6, respectively), losing significance after adjustment for IQ<\/jats:styled-content>, age and gender. Self\u2010reported school problems were significantly worse in the OSA<\/jats:styled-content> group before and after multivariate adjustment (P<\/jats:italic> = 0.010, Cohen's d<\/jats:italic> = 1.02). No other significant differences were found.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Results suggest that OSA<\/jats:styled-content> may increase risk for some poorer educational and behavioural outcomes. The findings are reasonably consistent with and add to the evidence base of the few studies that have explored this relationship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]],"date-time":"2013-10-18T08:16:59Z","timestamp":1382084219000},"page":"16-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Neurobehavioural correlates in older children and adolescents with obesity and obstructive sleep apnoea"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Evan","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dione","family":"Healey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Schaughency","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Dawes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Galland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1672"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2005.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.12.1043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.9.1115"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/27.5.997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27649"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2009.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/1380-3395(200010)22:5;1-9;FT554"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S135561770410708X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.11.1447"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.pdr.0000214992.69847.6f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/26.8.999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0678"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2001.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2007.00243.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70164-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.10.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7244.1240"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(16)36806-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"SalmondC CramptonP AtkinsonJ.NZDep2006 Index of Deprivation user's manual. Wellington: Department of Public Health University of Otago;2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","volume-title":"A Manual of Standardized Terminology, Techniques, and Scoring Systems for Sleep Stages of Human Subjects","author":"Rechtschaffen A","year":"1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.3.872"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20551"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","volume-title":"Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) Manual","author":"The Psychological Corporation","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","volume-title":"Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning \u2013 Second Edition Administration and Technical Manual","author":"Sheslow D","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"Wechsler Individual Achievement Test \u2013 Second Edition \u2013 Australian Standardised Edition","author":"Wechsler D","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","volume-title":"Behaviour Assessment System for Children","author":"Reynolds CR","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","volume-title":"Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF)","author":"Gioia GA","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","volume-title":"Applied Logistic Regression","author":"Hosmer DW","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2010.01508.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.2002.00289.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932007001964"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/15.1.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940203500203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1808-8694(15)30074-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.3.616"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200212-1397OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.162.4.313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318063e866"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2009.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17477160903473697"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2012.678818"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.673","article-title":"The effect of weight loss on sleep\u2010disordered breathing in obese teenagers","volume":"17","author":"Verhulst SL","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjpc.12390","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjpc.12390","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpc.12390","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T14:25:50Z","timestamp":1696170350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpc.12390"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jpc.12390"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpc.12390","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1034-4810","1440-1754"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1034-4810","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1754","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-10-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}