{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T01:51:05Z","timestamp":1768873865133,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]],"date-time":"2014-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Research Development Committee (RDC) of ETSU","award":["12-019sm"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12-019sm"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine associations of prenatal maternal smoking and second\u2010hand smoke (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SHS<\/jats:styled-content>) exposure with the development of adolescent obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Longitudinal data (1991\u20132007) from<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>ational<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>nstitute of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hild<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>uman<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>evelopment<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tudy of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>arly<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hild<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>are and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Y<\/jats:styled-content>outh<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>evelopment involving mothers that smoked and or exposed to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SHS<\/jats:styled-content>during the year before birth were analysed. Adolescent obesity in ages 12.0\u201315.9 years was defined as a<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2265 95th percentile. Generalised estimating equations (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GEE<\/jats:styled-content>) were used for the analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obesity was more prevalent among adolescents whose mothers smoked or had<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SHS<\/jats:styled-content>exposure than those that did not smoke or exposed to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SHS<\/jats:styled-content>. After adjusting for maternal and child factors,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GEE<\/jats:styled-content>models showed that odds of adolescent obesity increased with prenatal maternal smoking (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>= 1.57, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>= 1.03\u20132.39) and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SHS<\/jats:styled-content>exposure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>= 1.53, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>= 1.04\u20132.27). The odds for obesity increased more than two times among adolescents exposed to both maternal smoking and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SHS<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>= 2.10, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>= 1.24, 3.56) compared with those without exposure. Additionally, not breastfeeding, maternal obesity, and longer screen viewing hours per day were associated with increased odds of obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is possibly a long\u2010term joint effect of prenatal maternal smoke (smoking and SHS) exposure on obesity among adolescent offspring, and the effect is independent of birthweight. These findings suggest that adolescent obesity could possibly be curtailed with the development and promotion of smoking cessation programmes for families during the year before birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]],"date-time":"2014-06-12T11:34:03Z","timestamp":1402572843000},"page":"908-915","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Independent and joint effects of prenatal maternal smoking and maternal exposure to second\u2010hand smoke on the development of adolescent obesity: A longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology College of Public Health East Tennessee State University Johnson City Tennessee United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hadii M","family":"Mamudu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Management and Policy College of Public Health East Tennessee State University Johnson City Tennessee United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arsham","family":"Alamian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology College of Public Health East Tennessee State University Johnson City Tennessee United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James L","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology College of Public Health East Tennessee State University Johnson City Tennessee United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Billy","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology College of Public Health East Tennessee State University Johnson City Tennessee United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","series-title":"National Health Statistics Reports; no 82","volume-title":"Prevalence of Obesity in the United States, 2009\u20132010","author":"Ogden CL","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2011.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000161369.71722.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO).Media Centre Fact Sheet Website 2012. Available from:www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs311\/en\/[accessed 17 May 2013]."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.28.5.w822"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000100148.40711.59"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/76.3.653"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.1.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/foc.2006.0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.5.1187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2010.00817.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.327"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1237427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"A Report of the Surgeon General: How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: What It Means to You","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2003.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","volume-title":"The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","series-title":"The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke","volume-title":"A Report of the Surgeon General \u2013 Executive Summary","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17477166.2010.519389"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2013.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2000.0025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7240.967"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe058187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyi218"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.248"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg258"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf128"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2012.00103.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.2.413"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-1058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.Healthy People 2020 Website 2010. Available from:www.healthypeople.gov\/2020\/topicsobjectives2020\/pdfs\/HP2020objectives.pdf[accessed 6 June 2012] pp:235\u2013236."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.155.4.481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2329C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Early Child Care Research Network.The Year Before My Child was Born.1992. Quantitative Systems Laboratory Peabody College Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37203. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Early Child Care and Youth Development Phase I. 1991\u20131995 United States."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2531248"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","volume-title":"Statistical Analysis with Missing Data","author":"Little RJA","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199709253371301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm198"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09678-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2011000900010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2011.255"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.2.420"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.The Health Consequences of Smoking: Nicotine Addiction: A Report of the Surgeon General Website 1988. Available from:http:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/ps\/access\/NNBBZD.pdf[accessed 16 May 2013]."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.10.7707"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02283-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)37495-6","article-title":"Fetal nicotine or cocaine exposure: which one is worse?","volume":"285","author":"Slotkin TA","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2003.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","volume-title":"IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Volume 83: Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking\u2010Attributable Disease 2010. Available from:http:\/\/www.surgeongeneral.gov\/library\/reports\/tobaccosmoke\/executivesummary.pdf[accessed 26 April 2013]."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.2001.1521"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.02.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09637486.2010.495711"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Childhood predictors of adult obesity: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Parsons TJ","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-011-9560-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199911000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.80.11.1323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckq173"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-002-0983-z"}],"container-title":["Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjpc.12667","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjpc.12667","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpc.12667","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T09:44:10Z","timestamp":1746265450000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpc.12667"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jpc.12667"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpc.12667","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1034-4810","1440-1754"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1034-4810","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1754","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-05-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-06-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}