{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T22:29:38Z","timestamp":1780612178975,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]],"date-time":"2015-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intra\u2010uterine growth restriction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content>) is an important cause for prematurity as well as a significant risk factor for neurodevelopmental deficits. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content> and early brain injury on neonatal cranial ultrasound in preterm infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cohort study examined the relationship between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content> and neonatal cranial ultrasound findings in preterm infants &lt;32 weeks gestation with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content>, compared with gestation and year of birth\u2010matched appropriately grown infants, in a tertiary level neonatal unit. Primary outcome was incidence and severity of intraventricular haemorrhage (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content>), periventricular leucomalacia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVL<\/jats:styled-content>) and hydrocephalus detected by cranial ultrasound in the neonatal period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 153 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content> and 306 non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content> preterm infants &lt;32 weeks were included. The rates of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content> (21.6% vs. 23.9%), severe <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content> (3.9% vs. 4.6%), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVL<\/jats:styled-content> (8.4% vs. 9.4%), cystic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVL<\/jats:styled-content> (2.6% vs. 0%) and hydrocephalus (0.7% vs. 0.3%) were similar in the two groups. Composite outcome of death and severe brain injury (severe <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content>, cystic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVL<\/jats:styled-content> and hydrocephalus) was greater (20.2% vs. 9.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content> infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content> did not lead to increased neonatal brain injury on cranial ultrasound but was associated with increased mortality. Advanced neonatal neuroimaging techniques may be necessary to estimate risk and to provide prognostic information of adverse neurological outcomes in this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]],"date-time":"2015-05-04T07:23:09Z","timestamp":1430724189000},"page":"1103-1108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Does fetal growth restriction lead to increased brain injury as detected by neonatal cranial ultrasound in premature infants?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Atul","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Newborn Monash Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"The Ritchie Centre MIMR\u2010PHI Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zamir","family":"Yahya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Newborn Monash Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Sasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Newborn Monash Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Jenkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ritchie Centre MIMR\u2010PHI Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ditchfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Monash Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graeme R","family":"Polglase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ritchie Centre MIMR\u2010PHI Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne L","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ritchie Centre MIMR\u2010PHI Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2002.020396"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.3.505"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"ChowSSW.Report of the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network 2011.Sydney:ANZNN.2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70513-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.01.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15925","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1592S","article-title":"Epidemiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes: an overview","volume":"133","author":"Kramer MS","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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