{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T19:33:53Z","timestamp":1788550433402,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,30]],"date-time":"2015-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to describe the demographical and clinical characteristics, diagnostic difficulties, and morbidity and mortality in children with hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHS<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cross\u2010section descriptive study of children (&lt;18 years of age) at an urban, tertiary, academic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hildren's <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ospital diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHS<\/jats:styled-content> from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>anuary 2002 to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>ecember 2011.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six patients met inclusion criteria for the diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHS<\/jats:styled-content>. Age ranged from 6 to 16 years with 4 (67%) patients younger than 13 years. Four (67%) patients were women and 5 (83%) were <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>frican\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>merican. Body mass index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010for\u2010age percentile was &gt;97% in four (67%) patients. Three (60%) of five patients seen as outpatients were misdiagnosed, two cases were seen twice before an accurate diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHS<\/jats:styled-content> was made. There was one (17%) death. Complications included three patients with acute renal failure, one patient with seizures, and one patient with rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome leading to below the knee amputation. Malignant hyperthermia and ventricular arrhythmias occurred in the patient who expired. Three of the five patients who had autoantibody tests had positive results and were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Characteristics of children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSS<\/jats:styled-content> are variable for age, gender and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010for\u2010age percentile and not predominately limited to obese male adolescent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>frican\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>merican. Delay in diagnosis is common and morbidity and mortality in paediatric <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHS<\/jats:styled-content> are significant. The subsequent diagnosis of patients presenting with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHS<\/jats:styled-content> includes type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]],"date-time":"2015-07-31T01:52:45Z","timestamp":1438307565000},"page":"80-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar syndrome in children: Patient characteristics, diagnostic delays and associated complications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Amanda","family":"Price","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Losek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.11.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.09.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2005.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PCC.0000149134.61673.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.6.1447"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-543X.2005.00113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2007.20.10.1115"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2003.10.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.11.1.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31825d23c9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12165"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2012.00897.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-543X.2005.00107.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000000167"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1059-1311(02)00353-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2014.964205"}],"container-title":["Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjpc.12980","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjpc.12980","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpc.12980","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T22:36:16Z","timestamp":1695508576000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpc.12980"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,30]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jpc.12980"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpc.12980","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1034-4810","1440-1754"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1034-4810","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1754","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-06-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-07-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}