{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:12:24Z","timestamp":1791389544559,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]],"date-time":"2016-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immediate post\u2010operative care of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) and oesophageal atresia (EA) requires mechanical ventilation. Early extubation is preferred, but subsequent respiratory distress may warrant re\u2010intubation. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a well\u2010established modality to prevent extubation failures in preterm infants. However, it is not favoured in TEF\/EA, because of the theoretical risk of oesophageal anastomotic leak (AL). The aim of this study was to find out if post\u2010extubation CPAP is associated with increased risk of AL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study (2007\u20132014).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010one infants underwent primary repair in the newborn period. Median age at surgery was 24\u2009h (interquartile range: 12, 24). In the post\u2010extubation period, 10 received CPAP, whereas 41 did not. The median post\u2010operative day at the commencement of CPAP was 2.5\u2009days (interquartile range: 1, 6\u2009days). Zero out of 10 in the CPAP group and 4\/41 in the \u2018no CPAP\u2019 group developed AL on routine post\u2010operative contrast studies (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.57). Zero out of 10 in the CPAP group and 1\/41 in the \u2018no CPAP group\u2019 developed recurrence of TEF necessitating re\u2010surgery (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.00). The neonate with recurrent fistula also had coarctation of aorta and needed protracted hospitalisation of 6\u2009months, mainly because of the recurrence of TEF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of CPAP in the immediate post\u2010extubation period after corrective surgery for TEF\/EA appears to be safe and may not be associated with increased risk of AL or recurrence of the fistula. Information from other centres, surveys and large databases is needed to define the benefits and risks of use of CPAP in these infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]],"date-time":"2016-05-26T18:32:56Z","timestamp":1464287576000},"page":"710-714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Does continuous positive airway pressure for extubation in congenital tracheoesophageal fistula increase the risk of anastomotic leak? A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0293-6788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piyush S","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology King Edward Memorial Hospital and Princess Margaret Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parshotam","family":"Gera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery Princess Margaret Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian J","family":"Gollow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery Princess Margaret Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shripada C","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology King Edward Memorial Hospital and Princess Margaret Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Centre of Neonatal Research and Education, School of Paediatrics and Child Health University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.9019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2010.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-006-1700-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.11.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-012-0590-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-005-1576-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dote.12369"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2012.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2003.08.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Measurement of gap length in esophageal atresia: A simple predictor of outcome","volume":"182","author":"Brown AK","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. 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