{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T03:42:03Z","timestamp":1792813323910,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]],"date-time":"2017-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Medical and Research Council, Singapore","award":["NMRC\/PPG\/KKH\/2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMRC\/PPG\/KKH\/2010"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe nutritional practices among preterm extremely low\u2010birthweight (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content>) infants and their impact on growth and to compare differences in nutritional intervention and comorbidities between those with limited growth velocity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> &lt; 25th percentile) and those with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> &gt; 25th percentile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess total protein and energy intake for week 1, days 14, 21 and 28 of life. Post\u2010natal growth was calculated by measuring <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> using an exponential model. Univariable analysis was applied to identify the potential risk factors associated with poor <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> at day 28 and at discharge from hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> from birth to day 28 was 9.84\u2009g\/kg\/day and 11.87\u2009g\/kg\/day for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> from birth to discharge. Increased protein and energy intake was associated with higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> at discharge. Hypotension needing inotropes, necrotising enterocolitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEC<\/jats:styled-content>), patent ductus arteriosus and chronic lung disease were significantly associated with reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> at discharge. Infants with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEC<\/jats:styled-content>, hypotension needing inotropes and sepsis took a significantly longer time to achieve full enteral nutrition. A longer time to attain full enteral feeds was associated with slower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> at discharge. Small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age babies increased from 22% at birth to 66.6% at discharge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GV<\/jats:styled-content> at discharge was positively correlated with increasing protein and energy intake in the first 28 days and adversely affected by the presence of neonatal morbidities. There was strong evidence of extra\u2010uterine growth restriction, with the majority of preterm <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content> infants having lower <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> scores at discharge compared to at birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]],"date-time":"2017-08-18T14:39:17Z","timestamp":1503067157000},"page":"1199-1207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nutritional intake and growth velocity in preterm extremely low\u2010birthweight infants in Asia: Are we doing enough?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Shilpee","family":"Raturi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Development KK Women's and Children's Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3368-4843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qishi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore Clinical Research Institute  Singapore"},{"name":"Cochrane Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lourdes M","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Development KK Women's and Children's Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luming","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore Clinical Research Institute  Singapore"},{"name":"Cochrane Singapore  Singapore"},{"name":"Office of Clinical Sciences Duke\u2010NUS Medical School  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor S","family":"Rajadurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology KK Women's and Children's Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pratibha K","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology KK Women's and Children's Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000323384"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1368"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e318163a271"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7171.1481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"Nutrition of the Preterm Infant: Scientific Basis and Practical Guidelines","author":"Tsang RC","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181adaee0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"349","article-title":"[The status of protein intake and energy supply in the early life of very\/extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"51","author":"Bi C","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"Amino acid dosing in parenteral nutrition for very low birth weight preterm neonates: An outcome assessment","volume":"25","author":"Kamarudin NA","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asia Pac. 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