{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T01:12:59Z","timestamp":1771636379192,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,4]],"date-time":"2017-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:italic>continues to cause invasive disease in children despite widespread Hib immunisation. The significance of non\u2010B serotypes continues to be investigated, with evidence of increased invasive non\u2010typeable<jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTHi<\/jats:styled-content>) world\u2010wide. The aim of this study was to examine the current epidemiological and clinical features of invasive<jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>disease in children in Queensland, Australia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective review was performed of all cases of invasive<jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>disease in children &lt;18 years of age in Queensland between January 2002 and December 2011. Cases were identified from pathology records and data requested from treating hospitals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Laboratory data were obtained for 144 cases and clinical\/demographic data for 123 cases. The majority (72%) of cases were children &lt;5 years of age. Annual incidence rate for all children &lt;5 years was 7.4\/100 000, and for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children &lt;5 years was 10.2\/100 000. Serotype was reported for 132 isolates, 69<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTHi<\/jats:styled-content>and 63 encapsulated strains. The most common clinical diagnoses were pneumonia, meningitis and bacteraemia without clinical focus. Of the patients, 5 patients died, and 12 had significant morbidity at hospital discharge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>While rates of invasive<jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>disease have decreased dramatically following the introduction of Hib vaccination,<jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>remains a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children remain particularly vulnerable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,5]],"date-time":"2017-09-05T04:02:44Z","timestamp":1504584164000},"page":"36-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Paediatric invasive<i>Haemophilus influenzae<\/i>in Queensland, Australia, 2002\u20132011: Young Indigenous children remain at highest risk"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Gavin","family":"Cleland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Western Australian Country Health Service Kimberley Region Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Management and Prevention Service Lady Cilento Children's Hospital Queensland Australia"},{"name":"University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Wan Sai Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Pathology Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Royal Darwin Hospital Australia"},{"name":"Northern Territory Medical Program Flinders University Australia"},{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Heney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Nourse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Management and Prevention Service Lady Cilento Children's Hospital Queensland Australia"},{"name":"University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2009.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.33321\/cdi.1997.21.36","article-title":"The decline of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in Australia","volume":"21","author":"Herceg A","year":"1997","journal-title":"Commun. 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