{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T13:59:20Z","timestamp":1778853560154,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]],"date-time":"2018-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to assist clinicians evaluating refugee children for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) by comparing paired tuberculin skin test (TST) and Quantiferon Gold In\u2010Tube (QGIT) test results with clinical management decisions and follow\u2010up data in a large cohort of newly arrived refugee children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective analysis of all refugee children (&lt;15 years of age) evaluated for LTBI with both TST and interferon\u2010\u03b3 release assay between 2007 and 2010 in the Illawarra\u2010Shoalhaven region of New South Wales, Australia. Demographics, country of origin, bacille Calmette\u2013Guerin (BCG) vaccination status, chest X\u2010ray results, TST and QGIT test results, clinical management and outcome on long\u2010term follow\u2010up were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 272 children evaluated, complete results were available for 212 (78%). The vast majority (207; 98%) were from Africa or Southeast Asia. Overall, 33 (16%) children were treated for LTBI; 13 (39%) had concordant TST and QGIT results and 20 (61%) discordant results. Of 63 (30%) TST\u2010positive (\u226510 mm) children, 46 (73%) were QGIT assay\u2010negative, 44 (70%) had a BCG scar, 3 (5%) were younger than 2 years and 6 (10%) were treated for LTBI. Of 32 QGIT assay\u2010positive children, 15 (47%) were TST negative, 31 (97%) had a BCG scar, all were older than 2 years and 14 (44%) were treated for LTBI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Discordant TST and QGIT results were found in a high percentage of refugee children. QGIT is convenient and more specific than TST to diagnose LTBI in BCG\u2010vaccinated children, although a careful tuberculosis exposure history and clinical assessment to rule out active disease remain important.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]],"date-time":"2018-02-14T12:47:22Z","timestamp":1518612442000},"page":"834-839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Tuberculin skin test versus interferon\u2010gamma release assay in refugee children: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Chris","family":"Elliot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Child Health Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Women's and Children's Health University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Marais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity Institute University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phoebe","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Child Health Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Joshua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Child Health Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherri","family":"Towle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Wollongong Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Wollongong Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Zwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Child Health Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Women's and Children's Health University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60727-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60420-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2009.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318214b915"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.10.0631"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E286","DOI":"10.33321\/cdi.2012.36.24","article-title":"The strategic plan for control of tuberculosis in Australia: 2011\u20132015","volume":"36","author":"National Tuberculosis Advisory Committee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Commun. 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