{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T01:40:05Z","timestamp":1775871605410,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]],"date-time":"2019-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008713","name":"Diabetes Australia Research Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to evaluate the diets of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) against recommended Australian dietary intakes and international T1D guidelines and compare them to children without T1D.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional analysis in 143 children (103 children aged 8\u201318\u2009years with T1D and 40 age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched controls) and longitudinal analysis at 0, 3, 6 and 12\u2009months in 90 T1D children were conducted. Diet was assessed using an Australian validated food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality was assessed against recommended servings and nutrient intakes from Australian Dietary Guidelines and International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) Nutritional Guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diet was evaluated in 478 questionnaires. Diet composition did not differ between T1D and controls, and both groups did not meet the majority of the Australian Dietary Guidelines, except for fruit intake. The majority of T1D children and controls (80\u201383%) were overconsuming sodium (2837\u2009\u00b1\u2009848\u2009mg\/day), discretionary foods (5.9\u2009\u00b1\u20092.5 serves\/day) and saturated fat and trans fatty acids (13.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.7% of total daily energy intake) in comparison with Australian and ISPAD guidelines. A total of 84% of T1D children and controls achieved the recommended intake of fibre (34.4\u2009\u00b1\u200911.0 g\/day). Longitudinal analysis in children with T1D showed that total daily energy, macronutrient, micronutrient and food group servings intake did not change over the 12 months. Overconsumption of sodium, discretionary foods and saturated fat persisted over the 12\u2010month study period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The majority of Australian children, with and without T1D, is not meeting recommended dietary guidelines. Significant overconsumption of sodium, saturated fat and discretionary foods attracts the most concern.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]],"date-time":"2019-01-08T15:46:38Z","timestamp":1546962398000},"page":"1188-1193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Australian children with type 1 diabetes consume high sodium and high saturated fat diets: Comparison with national and international guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Thomson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Diabetes Department Women's and Children's Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucinda","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jemma","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Diabetes Department Women's and Children's Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oana","family":"Maftei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine and Diabetes Department Women's and Children's Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Couper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Diabetes Department Women's and Children's Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lynne","family":"Giles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6834-4876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexia S","family":"Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Diabetes Department Women's and Children's Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12175"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"Australian Dietary Guidelines","author":"Department of Health and Aging, National Health and Medical Research Council","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand: Including Recommended Dietary Intakes","author":"Department of Health and Aging, National Health and Medical Research Council","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2006.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2012.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc05-2197"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2011.00781.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0540-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41387-018-0021-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-13-108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-6-62"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2018.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422418000161"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","volume-title":"Australian Health Survey: Consumption of Food Groups from the Australian Dietary Guidelines","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","volume-title":"Australian Health Survey: Nutrition First Results \u2010 Food and Nutrients, 2011\u201312","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2014.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneb.2009.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2013.0389"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12537"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.073585"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2014.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32385"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2001315"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-11-96"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12358"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12376"}],"container-title":["Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjpc.14373","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpc.14373","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jpc.14373","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpc.14373","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T20:59:06Z","timestamp":1694206746000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpc.14373"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jpc.14373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpc.14373","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1034-4810","1440-1754"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1034-4810","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1754","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-09-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-01-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}