{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T04:52:35Z","timestamp":1770267155802,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>A collaborative study was conducted between two Southeast Asian university hospitals to compare the nutritional intervention and growth outcomes and evaluate the extent of post\u2010natal growth faltering (PNGF) among very low birthweight (VLBW) infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data of all infants admitted during the 2011\u20132012 period to the two hospitals at Singapore (SG) and Malaysia (MY) were pooled and analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 236 infants, SG infants received lower total protein and energy intake than MY infants (2.69 vs. 3.54\u2009g\/kg\/day and 92.4 vs. 128.9\u2009kcal\/kg\/day respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) in enteral feeds, with Singaporean infants predominantly fed fortified breast milk than Malaysian infants (45\/48 vs. 10\/41; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The mean weight <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score from birth to 36\u2009weeks corrected age was significantly different (SG,\u22122.2 (0.9) vs. MY, \u22121.4 (0.7); <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). More SG than MY extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants had severe PNGF\u2009&gt;\u22122\u2009SDS (55 vs. 16%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.001). The greater use of a diuretic in SG to treat haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) may have contributed to the higher PNGF rate. Mean growth velocity of at least 15\u2009g\/kg\/day was attained by VLBW infants only from Day 14 and by ELBW infants only from Day 28 post\u2010natally. Overall, severe PNGF rates (<jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score change\u2009&gt;\u22122\u2009SDS at 36\u2009weeks' corrected age) were 28.8 and 36.5% for VLBW and ELBW infants, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Being very preterm, ELBW with hsPDA and receiving insufficient protein and energy were risk factors for severe PNGF. Increasing protein and energy content, augmenting fortification of breast milk and concentrating feed volumes, especially if there is an hsPDA, may curb severe PNGF among these infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T22:34:00Z","timestamp":1571265240000},"page":"400-407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Nutritional therapies in the neonatal intensive care unit and post\u2010natal growth outcomes of preterm very low birthweight Asian infants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7503-4836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Le Ye","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology National University Health System  Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology National University Health System  Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krishnamoorthy","family":"Niduvaje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology National University Health System  Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shirley S\u2010Y","family":"Seah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Paediatrics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond W","family":"Atmawidjaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Paediatrics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fook\u2010Choe","family":"Cheah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Paediatrics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181adaee0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000181841.07090.f4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-0282"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-1739"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1368"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-0129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0022-3476(03)00243-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2959"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-315082"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516003007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1699"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-13-59"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80282-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197801000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.2.295"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.9.1276"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","volume-title":"Feeding the Preterm Infant: A Practical Handbook","author":"Fook\u2010Choe C","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"CD002971","article-title":"Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants","author":"Quigley M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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