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The aim of this review is to provide clinical scenarios with treatment using evidence\u2010based information, and management strategies and a clinical algorithm to guide the management of constipation in children. Recent guidelines and online information sites are detailed. Clinical red flags and organic causes of constipation are included. Four clinical scenarios are presented: case (1) 4\u2010month\u2010old child with constipation since birth and likely Hirschsprung disease; case (2) 6\u2010month\u2010old infant with infant dyschezia; case (3) 4\u2010year old with functional constipation; and; case (4) 9\u2010year old with treatment resistant constipation. Children with functional constipation need a thorough history and physical exam to rule out the presence of any \u2018red flags\u2019 but do not require laboratory investigations. Management includes education and demystification, disimpaction followed by maintenance therapy with oral laxatives, dietary counselling and toilet training. Treatment options differ between infants and children. Disimpaction and maintenance regimens for common laxatives are presented. On treatment failure or on suspicion of organic disease the patient should be referred for further evaluation. The radionuclide intestinal transit study (scintigraphy) is a useful modality for evaluation and planning of management in treatment\u2010resistant children. Treatment options for treatment\u2010resistant patients are presented. High\u2010level evidence (meta\u2010analyses) for pharmalogical and non\u2010pharmalogical treatment modalities are reviewed and an algorithm for assessment and treatment are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T00:35:13Z","timestamp":1605573313000},"page":"1708-1718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Paediatric constipation for general paediatricians: Review using a case\u2010based and evidence\u2010based approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1505-9761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rishi","family":"Bolia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical Sciences  Rishikesh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Safe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition Royal Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bridget R","family":"Southwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Research Group Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Urology Royal Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian K","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition Royal Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Surgical Research Group Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery Royal Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark R","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition Royal Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2010.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(00)90039-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12675"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90166-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000266"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"S0016\u20105085(16)0","article-title":"Functional disorders: Children and adolescents","author":"Hyams JS","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2585"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.10.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31820fb914"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-011-1458-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23269"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-018-04432-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-015-3742-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.08.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e318212eb53"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04750.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2017.08.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-016-3908-z","article-title":"Long\u2010term results of transanal pull\u2010through for Hirschsprung's disease: A meta\u2010analysis","volume":"32","author":"Zimmer J","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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