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In New Zealand (NZ), acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and RHD rates are highest for M\u0101ori and Pacific children. This structured review explores the evidence for primary prevention interventions to diagnose and effectively treat group A <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> (GAS) pharyngitis and skin infections to reduce rates of ARF and RHD. Medline, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched as well as other electronic publications. Included were 50 publications from 1980 onwards. This review has identified that there is little available evidence for effective primary prevention strategies to reduce ARF rates in NZ. However, two primary intervention strategies that should be considered by communities at high\u2010risk of ARF are: the use of school\u2010based clinics to identify and treat GAS pharyngitis and GAS skin infections; and intramuscular benzathine penicillin G with lignocaine analgesia in children who present with a GAS positive throat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T08:25:07Z","timestamp":1618907107000},"page":"797-802","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Structured review of primary interventions to reduce group A streptococcal infections, acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3461-7223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Bennett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public 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