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In New Zealand, ARF almost exclusively affects Indigenous M\u0101ori and Pacific children. This narrative review aims to present secondary interventions to improve early and accurate diagnosis of ARF and RHD, in order to minimise disease progression in New Zealand. Medline, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched as well as other electronic publications. Included were 56 publications from 1980 onwards. Diagnosing ARF and RHD as early as possible is central to reducing disease progression. Recent identification of specific ARF biomarkers offer the opportunity to aid initial diagnosis and portable echocardiography has the potential to detect undiagnosed RHD in high\u2010risk areas. However, further research into the benefits and risks to children with subclinical RHD is necessary, as well as an economic evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T11:56:08Z","timestamp":1627041368000},"page":"1385-1390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Early diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease as part of a secondary prevention strategy: Narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3461-7223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Bennett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health University of Otago  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neilenuo N","family":"Rentta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health University of Otago  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health University of Otago  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"June","family":"Atkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health University of Otago  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Lane Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Services Starship Children's Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9855-3919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"KidzFirst Children's Hospital Counties Manukau District Health Board  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases Starship Children's Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael G","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health University of Otago  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"100101","article-title":"Descriptive analysis of group a streptococcus in skin swabs and acute rheumatic fever, Auckland, New Zealand, 2010\u20132016","volume":"8","author":"Thomas S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Reg. 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