{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T13:35:34Z","timestamp":1782740134599,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001515","name":"Cure Kids","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["360 2331"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["360 2331"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001515","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019168","name":"Starship Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Joan Mary Reynolds Fellowship (Jacob Twiss)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Joan Mary Reynolds Fellowship (Jacob Twiss)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019168","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following trials of inhaled antibiotics in adults, this study investigates the efficacy of nebulised gentamicin to improve respiratory function in children with bronchiectasis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a randomised, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled, crossover trial of 12\u2010week nebulised placebo\/gentamicin, 6\u2010week washout, 12\u2010week gentamicin\/placebo. Participants were children (5\u201315\u2009years) with bronchiectasis, chronic infection (any pathogen), and able to perform spirometry from a hospital bronchiectasis clinic. Primary outcomes were change in forced expiratory volume in 1\u2009s (FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) and hospitalisation days. Secondary outcomes included sputum bacterial density, sputum inflammatory markers, additional antibiotics and symptom severity. Analyses were on an intention\u2010to\u2010treat basis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifteen children (mean 11.7\u2010years\u2010old) completed the study. There was no significant change in mean FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (56%\/55%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.38) or annual rate of hospital admissions (1.1\/0, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.12) between gentamicin and placebo, respectively. However, <jats:italic>Haemophilus influenza<\/jats:italic>e sputum growth (27% vs. 80%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.002) and bacterial density (2.4 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> cfu\/mL lower <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.001) improved with gentamicin. Sputum inflammatory markers interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.001), interleukin\u20108 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.001) and tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.003) were lower with gentamicin. Poor recruitment limited study power and treatment adherence was challenging for this cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this crossover study of nebulised gentamicin in children with bronchiectasis, there was a reduction in sputum bacterial density and inflammation. However, there were no major improvements in clinical outcomes and adherence was a challenge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T08:09:57Z","timestamp":1644998997000},"page":"1039-1045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Randomised controlled trial of nebulised gentamicin in children with bronchiectasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2997-1946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Twiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Starship Children's Health Auckland District Health Board  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine A","family":"Gilchrist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A","family":"Keelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Metcalfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Starship Children's Health Auckland District Health Board  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3032-3172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine A","family":"Byrnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Starship Children's Health Auckland District Health Board  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31554-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"The Impact of Respiratory Disease in New Zealand","author":"Telfar Barnard L","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.066472"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00629-2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mjac14.00287"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30185-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02052-2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02053-2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","article-title":"Inhaled anti\u2010pseudomonal antibiotics for long\u2010term therapy in cystic fibrosis","volume":"3","author":"Smith S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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