{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T08:52:03Z","timestamp":1768294323450,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most button battery (BB) ingestions in children are unwitnessed leading to prolonged exposures and severe complications. One third of ingestions occur from free BB, that are stored or awaiting disposal. Recommendations have been made to cover the terminals of discarded BB with adhesive tape; however, it is unclear if this practice prevents injury. Our aim was to determine if tape could prevent oesophageal injury in a cadaveric porcine model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Electrical, masking, packing and duct tape were compared. One BB was left untaped. Taped BBs were placed in a cadaveric porcine oesophagus controlled for temperature and humidification. Specimens were assessed at 0, 0.5, and hourly for 6\u00a0h by visual inspection, temperature and pH. BB voltage was measured before and after testing. All tests were repeated in triplicate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oesophageal specimens demonstrated burn prevention in the packing and duct tape trials. Burns were seen in 2\/3 trials with electrical tape and 3\/3 trials with masking tape. pH remained neutral throughout the study for all packing and duct tape specimens. pH remained neutral initially for masking tape but increased rapidly to 12 by 2\u00a0h. There was no change in battery voltage for the packing tape and duct tape trials. There was a 16.3% reduction in voltage for masking tape which was similar to controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Taping BB with packing tape and duct tape prevented oesophageal burns. This may provide a novel method of burn prevention for loose BB intended for disposal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T06:45:47Z","timestamp":1650523547000},"page":"1337-1344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Button battery taping prevents oesophageal injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5196-6150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaus E","family":"Wolter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer K","family":"Wolter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian L","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Ostrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole K","family":"McKinnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Everett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blake C","family":"Papsin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evan J","family":"Propst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.535"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-3037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-3038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26362"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2018.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1418423111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15748"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2021-001042"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2018.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"Government of Canada.Button Batteries Pose Life\u2010Threatening Dangers to Young Children.2021. Available from:https:\/\/recalls-rappels.canada.ca\/en\/alert-recall\/button-batteries-pose-life-threatening-dangers-young-children"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"PaynterM.How to Dispose of Old Batteries the Right Way. Battery Solutions.2018. Available from:https:\/\/batterysolutions.com\/news\/dispose-old-batteries-right-way\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"Call\u20102\u2010Recycle.FAQs\/What Kind of Tape Do I Need to Tape the Battery Terminals? What Happens If I Don't Tape the Battery Terminals?2021. Available from:https:\/\/www.call2recycle.org\/faqs\/what-kind-of-tape-do-i-need-to-tape-the-battery-terminals-what-happens-if-i-dont-tape-the-battery-terminals\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"GermainT.Yes You Need to Recycle Your Old Batteries. Consumer Reports.2019. Available from:https:\/\/www.consumerreports.org\/recycling\/recycle-old-batteries\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"Raw Materials Company.How to Prepare Your Batteries for Recycling.2021. Available from:https:\/\/www.rawmaterials.com\/page\/education\/prepare-batteries\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"US Environmental Protection Agency.Used Household Batteries.2022. Available from:https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/recycle\/used-household-batteries"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2017.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2021.111008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-244544"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"647","article-title":"Impact of COVID\u201019 lockdown on a tertiary center pediatric otolaryngology emergency department","volume":"1","author":"Carr\u00e9 F","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. 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