{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:15:16Z","timestamp":1787015716284,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Herpes simplex CNS infection is a rare but important cause of neurological disability. Long term outcomes after HSV CNS infection in Australia have not yet been fully described. We sought to provide a comprehensive review of HSV CNS infection in children using a retrospective 13\u2010year evaluation of statewide laboratory and clinical records and a parent survey conducted at least one year after the initial infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All positive PCR HSV 1 and 2 results from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or brain tissue were obtained from Queensland pathology providers for children aged 0\u201316\u2009years between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2017. Clinical data were obtained from patient records and longer\u2010term outcomes via parent survey at least 1\u2009year after initial infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty\u2010three children were identified over the 13\u2010year period, 17 (39.5%) neonates and 26 (60.4%) non\u2010neonates. The annual incidence for HSV CNS infection in Queensland children aged \u226416\u2009years was 0.3\/100 000 (95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.2\u20130.4) with neonates at highest risk (incidence 2.5\/100 000 live births, 95% CI: 1.5\u20133.9). HSV 1 was the predominant serotype in both neonates and non\u2010neonates (9\/17, 52.9% neonates and 19\/26, 73.1% non\u2010neonates). Seven (16.3%) children died, five (5\/17, 29.4% neonates), directly attributable to HSV CNS infection (all neonates). Twenty\u2010five (58.1%) had neurological morbidity at discharge (9\/17 neonates (52.9%) vs. 16\/26 (61.5%) non\u2010neonates) and 20\/27 (74.1%) reported long\u2010term neurological morbidity at follow\u2010up (5\/9 neonates (55.6%) vs. 15\/18 non\u2010neonates (83.3%)). Seven children (two neonates and four non\u2010neonates) with long\u2010term neurological sequelae had no neurological morbidity identified at discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant long\u2010term neurologic sequelae were seen in children with HSV CNS infection even in children with no neurological disability identified at discharge from hospital. Careful neurodevelopmental follow\u2010up of all children is recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T06:34:22Z","timestamp":1651732462000},"page":"1372-1378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Epidemiology and\n                    <scp>long\u2010term<\/scp>\n                    neurological sequelae of childhood herpes simplex CNS infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Angela","family":"Berkhout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Children's Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishal","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Children's Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Heney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl A","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Children's Hospital Network (The Children's Hospital Westmead)  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia E","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Children's Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip N","family":"Britton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Children's Hospital Network (The Children's Hospital Westmead)  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikram L","family":"Vaska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Children's Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Mater Pathology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa M","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Nourse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Children's Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz685"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13197"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-308468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1509.081540"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2013.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199142030-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-2702"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.16157.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu381"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.12749"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-25342-4_14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000003085"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu381"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","volume-title":"Australia's Mothers and Babies 2005\u20132017","author":"Laws PSE","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","unstructured":"Statistics ABO.Estimates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. June 2016. Available from:https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/mf\/3238.0.55.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"PalasanthiranP StarrM JonesC et al.Herpes simplex virus infections in pregnancy. Eds. 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