{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T04:48:31Z","timestamp":1778129311959,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES)\u2009with\u2009conventional therapy and conventional therapy alone on improvement of faecal incontinence (FI) symptoms in a number of children with functional non\u2010retentive FI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data of 28 children with FI were accepted for this retrospective study. The case group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200914) underwent FES\u2009+\u2009conventional therapy and the control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200914) received conventional therapy only. Data of children with faecal retention, inflammatory, anatomic, metabolic and neurological disorders were excluded. Children were assessed with a paediatric FI score questionnaire, and a bowel habit diary both before treatment sessions, after they ended, and after 6\u2009months. A FI quality of life questionnaire was completed before and after treatment for all children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Full response to the treatment (100% reduction in FI episodes) was significantly observed in 8\/14 (57.1%) of children in the case group compared to 2\/14 (14.2%) of children in the control group after the ending of treatment sessions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.005). The baseline mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD of FI episodes per week was 3.7\u00a0\u00b1\u20092.1 among both groups which significantly decreased after the ending of treatment sessions in the case group compared to the control group (1.4\u00a0\u00b1\u20092.1 vs 3\u00a0\u00b1\u20092.7; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.05). Mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD of FI score was significantly reduced in the case group compared to the controls after the ending of treatment sessions (3.9\u00a0\u00b1\u20094.5 vs 8\u00a0\u00b1\u20094.7; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.02) and maintained after 6\u2009months (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional electrical stimulation is a safe, effective, non\u2010invasive, inexpensive, reproducible and easy\u2010to\u2010use modality for treatment of functional non\u2010retentive\u00a0faecal incintinence in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.16194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T09:18:37Z","timestamp":1662110317000},"page":"2225-2229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Non\u2010retentive faecal incontinence in children: Conventional therapy alone or combined electrical stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3736-0096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lida","family":"Sharifi\u2010Rad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyedeh\u2010Sanam","family":"Ladi\u2010Seyedian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hosein","family":"Alimadadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azizollah","family":"Yousefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Growth and Developmental Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran 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