{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T18:43:12Z","timestamp":1776883392830,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR\u20102020) report recommend starting delivery room resuscitation of all preterm neonates of &lt;35\u2009weeks' gestation with 21\u201330% oxygen. However, the correct initial oxygen concentration for resuscitation of preterm neonates in delivery room is inconclusive. In this blinded, randomised, controlled trial, we compared room air with 100% oxygen for oxidative stress and clinical outcomes in delivery room resuscitation of preterm neonates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preterm neonates 28\u201333\u2009weeks' gestation requiring positive pressure ventilation at birth were randomly allocated to room air or 100% oxygen. Investigators, outcome assessors and data analysts were blinded. Rescue 100% oxygen was used whenever trial gas failed (need for positive pressure ventilation &gt;60\u2009s or chest compression). Primary outcome: Plasma 8\u2010isoprostane levels at 4\u2009h of age. Secondary outcomes: mortality by discharge, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity and neurological status at 40\u2009weeks post\u2010menstrual age. All subjects were followed till discharge. Intention to treat analysis was carried out.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 124 neonates were randomised to room air (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200959) or 100% oxygen (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200965). Isoprostane level at 4\u2009h was similar in both the groups (median (interquartile range): 280 (180\u2013430) vs. 250 (173\u2013360) pg\/mL, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.47). No difference was observed in mortality and other clinical outcomes. Room air group had higher treatment failures (27 (46%) vs. 16 (25%); relative risk (RR) 1.9 (1.1\u20133.1)) and took longer time to establish regular respiration (230\u2009\u00b1\u2009231 vs. 182\u2009\u00b1\u2009261, mean difference\u2009=\u200948 (40, 136) seconds).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In preterm neonates 28\u201333\u2009weeks' gestation requiring resuscitation in the delivery room, room air (21%) is not the correct concentration to initiate resuscitation. Larger controlled trials involving multiple centres in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries are immediately required for a conclusive answer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.16391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T09:59:32Z","timestamp":1680515972000},"page":"794-801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Room air versus 100% oxygen for delivery room resuscitation of preterm neonates in low resource settings: A randomised, blinded, controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Nishath A","family":"Liyakat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"},{"name":"Zulekha Hospital  Dubai United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Praveen","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3135-8115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Venkataseshan","family":"Sundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-014-1489-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199312000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"510","article-title":"Resuscitation of asphyxiated newborns with room air or 100% oxygen at birth: A multicentric clinical trial","volume":"40","author":"Ramji S","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.2.296"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.1.e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","article-title":"Air versus oxygen for resuscitation of infants at birth","author":"Tan A","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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