{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T02:48:57Z","timestamp":1771210137581,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the effectiveness of intravenous caffeine citrate in paediatric asthma exacerbation unresponsive to beta2\u2010agonists and steroids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 10\u2010year retrospective cohort study was conducted on asthmatic children unresponsive to beta2\u2010agonists and steroids, who were treated with either intravenous caffeine citrate or magnesium sulphate. The study outcomes were changes in the Paediatric Respiratory Assessment Measure (PRAM) score, duration of oxygen therapy and paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) length\u2010of\u2010stay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 296 children were treated in the PICU between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2020. Fifteen and 26 children unresponsive to beta2\u2010agonists and steroids (median ages 2.3 [0.7\u201311] and 3.0 [1.2\u20138.5] years), respectively, received caffeine citrate and magnesium sulphate. The two groups showed similar demographic characteristics and baseline parameters. At 24 and 48\u2009h, the median (IQR) PRAM scores for the caffeine and magnesium groups were 4 (2\u20136) and 5 (4\u20136), respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.27), and 7 (6\u20138) and 8 (5\u20139), respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.57). The median (IQR) durations of PICU stay for the caffeine and magnesium groups were 36 (19\u201346) and 32 (23\u201345)\u2009h, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.77). The median (IQR) durations of oxygen therapy for the caffeine and magnesium groups were 25 (10\u201330) and 20 (15\u201330)\u2009h, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.29). No serious adverse events occurred in the caffeine group. One occurred in the magnesium group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Caffeine citrate and magnesium sulphate demonstrated comparable effectiveness in treating steroid\u2010 and beta2\u2010agonist\u2010resistant asthma. A multicentre prospective study is needed to validate these results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.16799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T07:24:18Z","timestamp":1738135458000},"page":"623-627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Can Intravenous Caffeine Citrate Be Used for Severe Asthma Exacerbation in Children? A Retrospective Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Brooks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Mount Scopus Hospital Hadassah Medical Center  Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vladislav","family":"Babushkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rekhtman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Mount Scopus Hospital Hadassah Medical Center  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malena","family":"Cohen\u2010Cymberknoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Mount Scopus Hospital, Pediatric Pulmonology Unit Hadassah Medical Center  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Shoseyov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Mount Scopus Hospital, Pediatric Pulmonology Unit Hadassah Medical Center  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4493-473X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itai","family":"Shavit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Division of Pediatrics Hadassah Medical Center  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011050.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.11.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.0081\u20102020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12780"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001112.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198403223101202"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015\u20103757"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000442813"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"421","article-title":"Implementation of a Policy Change: Replacement of Nebulizers by Spacers for the Treatment of Asthma in Children","volume":"17","author":"Breuer O.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Israel Medical Association Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/148645"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","unstructured":"Royal Children Hospital Melbourne \u201cClinical Practice Guideline \u201dAsthma (Acute) accessed July 9 2024 https:\/\/www.rch.org.au\/clinicalguide\/guideline_index\/asthma_acute\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2022.04.011"}],"container-title":["Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jpc.16799","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T04:15:06Z","timestamp":1744863306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpc.16799"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jpc.16799"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpc.16799","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1034-4810","1440-1754"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1034-4810","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1754","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}