{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T22:29:44Z","timestamp":1787956184018,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the trends in mortality for early\u2010 and late\u2010onset neonatal sepsis, as well as the attributable risk factors at global, regional and national levels from 1990 to 2021. Early\u2010onset sepsis occurs within 0\u20136\u2009days after birth, whereas, late\u2010onset sepsis occurs between 7 and 27\u2009days of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on deaths from early\u2010 and late\u2010onset neonatal sepsis, as well as the proportion attributable to risk factors, was sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021. Temporal trends in mortality rates were assessed using estimated annual percentage changes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2021, global deaths from early\u2010 and late\u2010onset neonatal sepsis totalled 136\u2009040 and 70\u2009411, respectively, corresponding to mortality rates of 5549.9 and 965.3 per 100\u2009000 population. Both early\u2010 and late\u2010onset neonatal sepsis mortality declined from 1990 to 2021, with a more pronounced reduction in late\u2010onset sepsis. However, total deaths increased in low\u2010SDI regions, driven by early\u2010onset sepsis. The highest mortality rates were observed in Sub\u2010Saharan Africa, particularly in Western and Eastern Sub\u2010Saharan Africa. In 2021, short gestation (gestational age\u2009&lt;\u200938\u2009weeks) and low birth weight (&lt;\u20092500\u2009g) were responsible for 29.6% and 66.3% of neonatal sepsis deaths globally. Mortality rates showed an inverse correlation with SDI, with higher\u2010SDI regions experiencing faster reductions in mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neonatal sepsis remains a major global health challenge, particularly in low\u2010SDI regions. Interventions targeting preterm birth, low birth weight and healthcare infrastructure are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.70241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T10:49:21Z","timestamp":1763635761000},"page":"106-117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Global Trends in Neonatal Sepsis Mortality and Attributable Risk Factors From 1990 to 2021"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Haofeng","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Jiangmen Central Hospital  Jiangmen Guangdong 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