{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:40:13Z","timestamp":1789756813157,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Congenital upper airway malformations and malacia are important causes of respiratory morbidity in early infancy, yet population\u2010based epidemiological data remain scarce, particularly in Latin America. Most available estimates derive from single\u2010centre cohorts, limiting generalizability and health system planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a nationwide, retrospective, population\u2010based study using Colombia's administrative healthcare database (RIPS). We identified healthcare encounters coded with ICD\u201010 diagnoses corresponding to congenital upper airway malformations and malacia among children younger than 1\u2009year between 2016 and 2024. Crude and sex\u2010specific prevalence rates were calculated per 100\u2009000 children. Age\u2010standardised prevalence rates were estimated using the WHO world standard population. Temporal trends were assessed using Poisson regression models with population offsets and visualised using LOESS smoothing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 29\u2009450 cases were identified, corresponding to a national crude prevalence of 263.0 per 100\u2009000 children and an age\u2010standardised prevalence of 23.1 per 100\u2009000. The most frequent diagnoses were congenital nasal septum perforation, laryngomalacia, tracheomalacia, and unspecified congenital nasal malformations. Overall prevalence was higher among females than males, although marked heterogeneity was observed across specific diagnoses. Temporal trend analysis demonstrated a significant annual increase of approximately 3% in upper airway malformations, with diagnosis\u2010specific patterns showing increasing, stable, or decreasing trends over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Congenital upper airway malformations and malacia represent a substantial and evolving burden in Colombian infants. Population\u2010based administrative data provide valuable insights into disease frequency, sex differences and temporal trends, supporting their use for health system planning and epidemiological surveillance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.70309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T08:34:31Z","timestamp":1770453271000},"page":"601-608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Congenital Upper Airway Malformations and Malacia in Infancy: Population\u2010Based Prevalence, Sex Differences, and Trends in Colombia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2404-6612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jefferson Antonio","family":"Buend\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda y Toxicolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacolog\u00eda y Toxicolog\u00eda, Universidad de Antioquia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Guerrero Pati\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda y Toxicolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacolog\u00eda y Toxicolog\u00eda, Universidad de Antioquia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2006.04.227"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sempedsurg.2021.151055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(00)80120-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2014.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.5.3391"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2016.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031210-100700"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncprheum0652"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/25.2.435"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"SISPRO\u2014Sistema Integrado de Informaci\u00f3n de la Protecci\u00f3n Social Ministerio de Salud 2025 https:\/\/www.sispro.gov.co\/Pages\/Home.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22379\/24224022426"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reumae.2020.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12300"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Analysis of Needs and Use of Mental Healthcare Services in Colombia","volume":"21","author":"Zamora\u2010Rondon D. 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