{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T23:15:38Z","timestamp":1787958938670,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Molar\u2010incisor hypomineralisation is a developmental enamel defect characterised by lower mineral content in the tooth's outer layer, discoloured and structurally fragile teeth that are more prone to sensitivity, breakdown and caries. This review aims to summarise current knowledge on molar\u2010incisor hypomineralisation and highlight key clinical considerations relevant to paediatricians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive narrative review of the literature was performed to describe the condition's epidemiology, aetiological hypotheses, clinical features, diagnostic challenges and implications for early recognition in paediatric practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings show that this pathology affects up to one in five children worldwide, with causes likely multifactorial and involving prenatal, perinatal and environmental factors. Clinically, molar\u2010incisor hypomineralisation may be presented as demarcated opacities, colour alterations or post\u2010eruptive enamel loss. Paediatricians, who are often the first clinicians to observe affected children, play a crucial role in identifying early signs and ensuring timely referral to a paediatric dentist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increasing paediatricians' awareness of molar\u2010incisor hypomineralisation is essential to promote early diagnosis, prevent complications and encourage interdisciplinary collaboration that improves children's oral health and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.70362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T03:58:48Z","timestamp":1774324728000},"page":"672-677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molar\u2010Incisor Hypomineralisation in Children: The Essential Role of Paediatricians"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Sofia","family":"Stancati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fernando Pessoa University  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Macho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fernando Pessoa University  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Rise\u2010Health, Faculty of Health Sciences University Fernando Pessoa  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fernando Pessoa University  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Rise\u2010Health, Faculty of Health Sciences University Fernando Pessoa  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3757-596X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Cardoso","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fernando Pessoa University  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Rise\u2010Health, Faculty of Health Sciences University Fernando Pessoa  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CEISUC Centre of Investigation in Tchenologies nas Center for Health Studies and Research of the University of Coimbra  Coimbra Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368021\u201000646\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2018.814"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"S246","article-title":"Molar Incisor Hypomineralization and Its Prevalence","volume":"9","author":"Padavala S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1164"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7584736"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12467"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Judgement Criteria for Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) in Epidemiologic Studies: A Summary of the European Meeting on MIH Held in Athens, 2003","volume":"4","author":"Weerheijm K. 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