{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T17:36:37Z","timestamp":1786988197419,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) significantly impacts many children, with substantial patient groups refractory to conventional first\u2010line treatments. Intravesical Botox is used for various refractory functional voiding disorders in children, but its efficacy in MNE has not been widely established. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of intravesical Botox in children with refractory monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was conducted of 22 children with MNE (median age 11\u2009years; 19 males) treated with intravesical Botox injection over a 6\u2009year period. All participants had previously failed desmopressin, and the majority had trialled an enuresis alarm and oxybutynin. Each child received 200iU of Botox injected into the detrusor muscle. Treatment outcomes were classified as complete (100% reduction in wet nights), partial (50%\u201399% reduction), or no response (0%\u201349% reduction).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prior to treatment, median number of wet nights was six per week. Following the final injection, complete response was observed in 8 of 22 (36%) children, partial response in 7 of 22 (32%), and no response in 7 of 22 (32%). Median reduction in wet nights was 2.5 per week. Median duration of response for those experiencing relapse was 11\u2009months. No intra\u2010operative complications occurred. Post\u2010operative complications were mild and self\u2010resolving, limited to transient haematuria\/pain and dysuria in isolated cases, with no instances of urinary tract infection or retention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intravesical Botox injection is an effective, well\u2010tolerated treatment option for children with refractory monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis, demonstrating a sustained response in a significant proportion of patients. This intervention presents a valuable option for treating this multi\u2010faceted condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.70451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T04:55:04Z","timestamp":1780376104000},"page":"1421-1425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intravesical Botox: An Effective Therapy for Refractory Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8927-7931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eliza","family":"Szwarcberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Urology Monash Children's Hospital  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Kimber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Urology Monash Children's Hospital  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiarash","family":"Taghavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Urology Monash Children's Hospital  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","article-title":"Alarm Interventions for Nocturnal Enuresis in Children","volume":"5","author":"Caldwell P. 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