{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T14:53:18Z","timestamp":1782917598490,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Paediatrics Child Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major complication of extreme prematurity, but diagnosis and severity classification have become increasingly challenging in contemporary neonatal respiratory care. Changing respiratory support practices and survival patterns have exposed limitations in older oxygen\u2010centric definitions, while prognostic tools have emerged to estimate BPD severity or BPD or death risk earlier in the clinical course.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To map post\u20102016 evidence on BPD definitions, severity classifications, and severity\/risk prediction tools in preterm infants, and to summarise differences in construction, classifiability, healthcare\u2010context transportability, and prediction of clinically relevant outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review followed PRISMA\u2010ScR reporting guidance and the JBI Population\u2010Concept\u2010Context framework. PubMed\/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from January 1, 2017 to February 28, 2026, with citation chaining of eligible articles. No language restriction was planned at search level, but only English full\u2010text articles were included because of feasibility. Two reviewers independently screened titles\/abstracts and full texts; disagreements were resolved by consensus with a third author. Data were charted using a standardised framework and synthesised descriptively. Formal risk\u2010of\u2010bias appraisal was not performed because this was a scoping review. The review protocol was not registered, and no external funding was received.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighteen studies met inclusion criteria after screening. Evidence clustered into conceptual revision of BPD definitions, comparative validation studies of newer definitions against short\u2010 and long\u2010term outcomes, and severity\/risk prediction tools including online estimators, machine\u2010learning adaptations, and nomogram\u2010based models. Newer support\u2010mode\u2010based definitions generally improved classifiability compared with oxygen\u2010centric definitions and showed outcome gradients in representative cohorts; for example, one NRN definition correctly predicted death or serious respiratory morbidity in 81% of infants, while estimator performance varied by timing and cohort, with reported C\u2010statistic\/AUC values ranging from approximately 0.67 to 0.91 in key prediction\u2010tool studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post\u20102016 BPD research shows a shift from oxygen\u2010centred criteria toward contemporary support\u2010based classification and dynamic risk estimation. Current evidence supports careful use\u2010case\u2010specific selection of definitions and cautious local validation of prognostic tools rather than a universal single best definition or estimator. Future work should harmonise outcome targets, strengthen external validation and calibration, and develop multidimensional, phenotype\u2010informed classification systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.70486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T14:10:39Z","timestamp":1782915039000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Definitions and Severity\/Risk Prediction Tools for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7284-2915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aditya Hemendra","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Pramukhswami Medical College, Bhaikaka University  Karamsad Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2825-2819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Somashekhar Marutirao","family":"Nimbalkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Pramukhswami Medical College, Bhaikaka University  Karamsad Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lalan K.","family":"Bharti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics JPCH, Govt of Delhi  New Delhi 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