{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:40:06Z","timestamp":1790055606712,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1562,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007909","name":"Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007909","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the impact of advanced age on rocuronium kinetic disposition in ASA I\u2013III patients undergoing elective surgeries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Young adult (20\u201350 years, n = 15) and elderly patients (65\u201385 years, n = 14) submitted to surgery under general anaesthesia were investigated. All patients were induced with individual intravenous doses of midazolam, rocuronium, fentanyl and propofol. Rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block was monitored by train of four stimulations of the adductor muscle of the thumb on the ulnar nerve. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental analysis. The relationship between rocuronium plasma concentration and the neuromuscular blockade was described by a sigmoidal Emax model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key-findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elderly patients presented decreased Cl (2.1 ml\/kg per min vs 2.8 ml\/kg per min; P = 0.0123); increased AUC\/dose (507.8 \u03bcg min\/ml (mg\/kg) vs 392.2 \u03bcg min\/ml\/(mg\/kg); P = 0.0168) and reduced volume of distribution (285.4 ml\/kg vs 435.6 ml\/kg, P = 0.0434) compared to young adults. The concentrations required to achieve 50% of maximum neuromuscular block (EC50) were similar for young adult (338.8 ng\/ml) and elderly (462.7 ng\/ml) patients (P &amp;gt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elderly patients showed increased AUC\/D and reduced total Cl compared to young adult patients due to the age-related reduced renal function. Differences in the PK-PD properties of rocuronium in elderly population are due to changes in drug disposition rather than to alterations in the sensitivity to the drug.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,21]],"date-time":"2016-08-21T21:42:51Z","timestamp":1471815771000},"page":"1351-1358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rocuronium in young adult and elderly patients undergoing elective surgery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Renan M","family":"Varrique","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Farmac\u00eauticas de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, USP \u2013 Univ. de S\u00e3o Paulo , Ribeir\u00e3o Preto,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela R","family":"Lauretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, USP \u2013 Univ. de S\u00e3o Paulo , Ribeir\u00e3o Preto,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia A","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Farmac\u00eauticas, UNESP \u2013 Univ. Estadual Paulista , Araraquara,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera L","family":"Lanchote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Farmac\u00eauticas de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, USP \u2013 Univ. de S\u00e3o Paulo , Ribeir\u00e3o Preto,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia V","family":"de Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Farmac\u00eauticas, UNESP \u2013 Univ. 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