{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T01:43:16Z","timestamp":1776217396954,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1351,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#14\/14457-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#14\/14457-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oxethazaine (OXZ) is one of the few local anaesthetics that provides analgesia at low pH, but presents poor solubility, cytotoxicity and no parenteral formulations. To address these issues, we aimed to prepare OXZ host-guest inclusion complex with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-\u03b2-CD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The inclusion complex was formed by co-solubilization, followed by a job plot analysis to determine stoichiometry of complexation and dialysis equilibrium analysis (based on UV\/VIS absorption and fluorescence profiles of OXZ). Complex formation was confirmed by phase-solubility data, X-ray, Scanning Electron Microscopy and DOSY-1H-NMR experiments. In vitro cytotoxicity was analysed by MTT test in 3T3 fibroblasts. In vivo analgesia was tested by Von Frey test (inflammatory wounds \u2013 rats).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oxethazaine complexed (1 : 1 molar ratio) with HP-\u03b2-CD, as indicated by loss of OZX crystalline structure (X-ray) and strong host: guest interaction (NMR, K = 198\/m), besides increased solubility. In vitro cell survival improved with the complex (IC50 OXZ = 28.9 \u03bcm, OXZ : HP-\u03b2-CD = 57.8 \u03bcm). In addition, the complex (0.1% OXZ) promoted in vivo analgesia for the same time that 2% lidocaine\/epinephrine did.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results show that complexation improved physicochemical and biological properties of OXZ, allowing its application to inflamed tissues by parenteral routes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,17]],"date-time":"2017-02-17T07:22:53Z","timestamp":1487316173000},"page":"652-662","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Complexation of oxethazaine with 2-hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-cyclodextrin: increased drug solubility, decreased cytotoxicity and analgesia at inflamed tissues"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Andressa R","family":"Prado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Department, Biology Institute, University of Campinas (Unicamp) , Campinas, SP,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiano","family":"Yokaichiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Quantum Phenomena in Novel Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin f\u00fcr Materialien und Energie GmbH , Berlin,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margareth Kazuyo Kobayashi Dias","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Energetic and Nuclear Research (IPEN)\/Multipurpose Brazilian Reactor, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria Armando Salles de Oliveira , S\u00e3o Paulo, SP,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Morais Gon\u00e7alves da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Department, Biology Institute, University of Campinas (Unicamp) , Campinas, SP,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Oliveira-Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Department, Biology Institute, University of Campinas (Unicamp) , Campinas, SP,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp) , Campinas, SP,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Franz-Montan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (Unicamp) , Piracicaba, SP,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria C","family":"Volpato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (Unicamp) , Piracicaba, SP,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds F","family":"Cabe\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technologic Federal University of Parana , Londrina, PR,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eneida","family":"de Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Department, Biology Institute, University of Campinas (Unicamp) , Campinas, SP,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041420232173300_jphp12703-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199008000-00008","article-title":"Fundamental properties of local anesthetics. 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