{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T01:02:08Z","timestamp":1767920528715,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["III 41018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["III 41018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ON172061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ON172061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>As there are no previous studies of the European wild-garlic (Allium ursinum) effects on the gastrointestinal system, despite its traditional applications in gastrointestinal disorders' treatment and regular use in the human diet, we have quantified and compared spasmolytic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of its different leaf extracts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wild-garlic extracts were tested for spasmolytic activity on isolated rat ileum, antimicrobial activity on selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi by microdilution method and antioxidant capacity by DPPH radical-scavenging assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wild-garlic extracts were found to decrease ileal basal tone. As the relaxation of K+-induced contractions was similar to one caused by papaverin, the observed spasmolytic effect was most likely mediated through Ca2+-channel inhibition. Ethanolic extract (with the highest phenolic and high alk(en)yl cysteine sulphoxides\u2019 levels) produced the strongest spasmolytic activity. In case of acetylcholine-induced contractions, only hydromethanolic extract showed no statistical difference in comparison with positive control. All samples exhibited certain antioxidant potential and strong antimicrobial activity against tested enteropathogenic strains (Salmonella enteritidis was the most sensitive, followed by Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Enterococcus faecalis).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Besides other already established health-promoting effects, wild garlic could be useful in treatment of mild gastrointestinal disturbances.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,24]],"date-time":"2017-05-24T00:49:25Z","timestamp":1495586965000},"page":"1208-1218","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Influence of different wild-garlic (<i>Allium ursinum<\/i>) extracts on the gastrointestinal system: spasmolytic, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6048-4834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dragana R","family":"Pavlovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ni\u0161 ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milica","family":"Veljkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ni\u0161 ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikola M","family":"Stojanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ni\u0161 ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marija","family":"Go\u010dmanac-Ignjatovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ni\u0161 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