{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T05:59:34Z","timestamp":1774331974006,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To explore the potential anti-inflammatory activity of Bupleurum marginatum extracts using in vitro and in vivo studies supported by virtual screening.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH\u02d9 and inhibition of 2-deoxyribose degradation assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined in vitro by measuring the suppression of prostaglandin E2 release (PGE2) in pancreatic cancer cells (MIA-PaCa-2) and the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase whereas the rat paw oedema was used in vivo. The major constituents were docked in 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-II active sites.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Methanol and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts showed IC50 of 46.99 and 162.99 \u03bcg\/ml in the DPPH\u02d9, 1.52 and 2.12 \u03bcg\/ml in inhibition of 2-deoxyribose degradation assays, respectively. They reduced PGE2 release by 41.33 and 52.85% at 25 \u03bcg\/ml and inhibited 5-lipoxygenase with IC50 of 45.28 and 25.92 \u03bcg\/ml, respectively. 50 and 70% reduction in the diameter of the carrageenan-induced rat paws with methanol and DCM extracts, respectively, with a marked decline in the inflammation score was observed. Rutin, a predominating compound, showed a strong interaction with the key amino acids in 5-LOX active site with interaction energy of \u221274.59 kcal\/mol.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study provides evidence for an interesting anti-inflammatory activity of B. marginatum aerial parts offering a natural anti-inflammatory agent.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,3]],"date-time":"2018-04-03T07:58:38Z","timestamp":1522742318000},"page":"952-963","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Evidence for the anti-inflammatory activity of <i>Bupleurum marginatum<\/i> (Apiaceae) extracts using <i>in vitro<\/i> and <i>in vivo<\/i> experiments supported by virtual screening"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9270-6267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed L","family":"Ashour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia , Cairo, 11566,","place":["Egypt"]},{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg, 69120,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5871-2639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadia S","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia , Cairo, 11566,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2951-983X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haidy A","family":"Gad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia , Cairo, 11566,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud Z","family":"El-Readi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg, 69120,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University , Abdia, Makkah, 21955,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1211-2419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amel","family":"Bouzabata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Organic Synthesis, Faculty of Science, Badji-Mokhtar University , 23000, Annaba,","place":["Algeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riham M","family":"Abuzeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University , Abbassia, 11566, Cairo,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2719-8534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mansour","family":"Sobeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg, 69120,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7875-4510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Wink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg, 69120,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024103012294286800_jphp12904-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/1875041901205010001","article-title":"Definition of inflammation, causes of inflammation and possible anti-inflammatory strategies","volume":"5","author":"Stankov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Open Inflamm J"},{"key":"2024103012294286800_jphp12904-cit-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.09.006","article-title":"Oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer: how are they linked?","volume":"49","author":"Reuter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"2024103012294286800_jphp12904-cit-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000122852.22604.78","article-title":"Is oxidative stress the pathogenic mechanism underlying insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease? 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