{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T17:50:31Z","timestamp":1784310631653,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study was designed to assess the role of caffeine on fertility parameters in testicular and epididymal tissues of scopolamine-induced model of amnesia in rats.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adult male rats were treated with scopolamine with or without caffeine. The modulatory effects of caffeine or scopolamine on fertility parameters were assessed in rats' testicular and epididymal homogenates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Scopolamine-induced sperm abnormalities, reduced steroidogenic enzyme 3\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3\u03b2-HSD) and 17\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17\u03b2-HSD) activities and serum testosterone levels in rats' testicular tissues. Treatment with caffeine increased 3\u03b2-HSD and 17\u03b2-HSD as well as testosterone levels. Caffeine also reversed sperm viability, sperm motility and sperm count in testicular tissues of scopolamine-treated rats. Furthermore, scopolamine-induced oxidative damage in rats' epididymal and testicular tissues via reduction of thiol and non-protein thiol content as well as increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Caffeine attenuated oxidative stress in testicular and epididymal tissues of rats treated with scopolamine via increase in non-protein and protein thiol levels with concomitant reduction in ROS and MDA levels.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study revealed that caffeine (5 and 25 mg\/kg) improved sperm quality, increased steroidogenic enzyme activities and attenuated oxidative damage in testis and epididymis of rats treated with scopolamine.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.13142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T04:34:38Z","timestamp":1565066078000},"page":"1565-1575","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Caffeine improves sperm quality, modulates steroidogenic enzyme activities, restore testosterone levels and prevent oxidative damage in testicular and epididymal tissues of scopolamine-induced rat model of amnesia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Seun F","family":"Akomolafe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Ekiti State University , Ado Ekiti,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0379-3838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tosin A","family":"Olasehinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare , Alice,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Food Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi , Lagos,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Opeyemi B","family":"Ogunsuyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Technology Department, Federal University of Technology , Akure,","place":["Nigeria"]},{"name":"Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology , Akure,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunday I","family":"Oyeleye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Technology Department, Federal University of Technology , Akure,","place":["Nigeria"]},{"name":"Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology , Akure,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganiyu","family":"Oboh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Technology Department, Federal University of Technology , Akure,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00080","article-title":"The safety of ingested caffeine: a comprehensive review","volume":"8","author":"Temple","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2017.07.025","article-title":"Caffeine and cardiovascular health","volume":"89","author":"Turnbull","year":"2017","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-15-0038-T","article-title":"Associations of coffee drinking with systemic immune and inflammatory markers","volume":"24","author":"Loftfield","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-1404","article-title":"Caffeine as a protective factor in dementia and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"20","author":"Eskelinen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1089\/jcr.2014.0027","article-title":"Caffeine as treatment for Alzheimer's disease. A review","volume":"5","author":"Mohan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Caffeine Res"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-017-0257-2","article-title":"Caffeine intake and male infertility: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Ricci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2012.39.4.144","article-title":"Maternal caffeine consumption has irreversible effects on reproductive parameters and fertility in male offspring rats","volume":"39","author":"Dorostghoal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Reprod Med"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-6238(97)00004-X","article-title":"Human sperm morphometry and smoking, caffeine, and alcohol consumption","volume":"11","author":"Vine","year":"1997","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.07.159","article-title":"Alcohol and caffeine intake in relation to semen parameters among fertility patients","volume":"100","author":"Karmon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2014.12.003","article-title":"Dose-dependent effects of caffeine in human Sertoli cells metabolism and oxidative profile: relevance for male fertility","volume":"28","author":"Dias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(73)90291-4","article-title":"Caffeine-stimulation of ejaculated human spermatozoa","volume":"1","author":"Bunge","year":"1973","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2012.10.009","article-title":"Caffeine reduces cadmium accumulation in the organism and enhances the levels of antioxidant protein expression in the epididymis","volume":"35","author":"Lacorte","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7196142","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7196142","article-title":"Toxic effects of trazodone on male reproductive system via disrupting hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis and inducing testicular oxidative stress","volume":"2018","author":"Ilg\u0131n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2147\/DHPS.S7634","article-title":"Antidepressant-associated sexual dysfunction: impact, effects, and treatment","volume":"2","author":"Higgins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Healthc Patient Saf"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.09.031","article-title":"Antidepressant effects of the muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist scopolamine: a review","volume":"73","author":"Drevets","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0016","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antidepressants and male infertility: involvement of spermatogonial stem cells self-renewal disruption","volume":"01","author":"Jalali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Stem Cell Biology and Transplantation"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2011.70","article-title":"Male sexual dysfunction and infertility associated with neurological disorders","volume":"14","author":"Fode","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0018","first-page":"203","article-title":"Testosterone and gonadotropin levels in men with dementia","volume":"24","author":"Hogervorst","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol Lett"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2013.11.015","article-title":"Donepezil treatment of older adults with cognitive impairment and depression (DOTCODE study): clinical rationale and design","volume":"37","author":"Pelton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2004.01848.x","article-title":"The safety and tolerability of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"58","author":"Jackson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/868062","article-title":"A review on plants used for improvement of sexual performance and virility","volume":"2014","author":"Chauhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0022","volume-title":"Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals","author":"National Institute of Health (NIH)"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-017-9951-1","article-title":"Does caffeine influence the anticholinesterase and antioxidant properties of donepezil? Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies","volume":"32","author":"Oboh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12839","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12839","article-title":"Co-administration of caffeine and caffeic acid alters some key enzymes linked with reproductive function in male rats","volume":"50","author":"Akomolafe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2014.05.003","article-title":"Sulforaphane alleviates scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice","volume":"85","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0026","first-page":"0159823","article-title":"Gongjin-Dan enhances hippocampal memory in a mouse model of scopolamine-induced amnesia","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0028","first-page":"512","article-title":"Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase","volume-title":"Methods in Enzymology","author":"Talalay","year":"1962"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)93926-8","article-title":"Purification of 17\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase of human placenta and studies on its transdehydrogenase function","volume":"237","author":"Jarabak","year":"1962","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0030","first-page":"15","article-title":"Walnut leaf extract acts as a fertility agent in male Wistar albino rats \u2013 a search for herbal male fertility enhancer","volume":"17","author":"Akomolafe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Complement Integr Med"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.919","article-title":"Testicular and spermatotoxic effects of quinalphos in rats","volume":"4","author":"Pant","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3446","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-8230-z","article-title":"Control of sperm motility and fertility: diverse factors and common mechanisms","volume":"65","author":"Yoshida","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(59)90090-6","article-title":"Tissue sulfhydryl groups","volume":"82","author":"Ellman","year":"1959","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7130","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)42083-8","article-title":"Glutathione S-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation","volume":"249","author":"Habig","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2007.04.006","article-title":"High-throughput spectrophotometric assay of reactive oxygen species in serum","volume":"631","author":"Hayashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3","article-title":"Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction","volume":"95","author":"Ohkawa","year":"1979","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjr.2015.06.002","article-title":"Anti-fertility effect of aqueous-ethanolic (1:1) extract of the fruit of Terminalia chebula: Rising approach towards herbal contraception","volume":"4","author":"Ghosh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Reprod"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.09.004","article-title":"Spermatotoxicity, biochemical changes and histological alteration induced by gossypol in testicular and hepatic tissues of male rats","volume":"48","author":"El-Sharaky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.05.007","article-title":"Antifertility efficacy of Coccinia indica in male mice and its possible mechanisms of action on spermatogenesis","volume":"241","author":"Verma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.01.025","article-title":"Rosemary extract modulates fertility potential, DNA fragmentation, injury, KI67 and P53 alterations induced by etoposide in rat testes","volume":"98","author":"Tousson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Pharm"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2017.69","article-title":"Oxidative stress and male infertility","volume":"14","author":"Bisht","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.2014.32.1.1","article-title":"Effect of oxidative stress on male reproduction","volume":"32","author":"Agarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Mens Health"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aju.2017.11.001","article-title":"Role of reactive oxygen species in male infertility: an updated review of literature","volume":"16","author":"Wagner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arab J Urol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/WOX.0b013e3182439613","article-title":"Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense","volume":"5","author":"Birben","year":"2012","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del081","article-title":"Homocysteine, glutathione and related thiols affect fertility parameters in the (sub)fertile couple","volume":"21","author":"Ebisch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.1080370314","article-title":"Molecular biology of human male infertility: links with aging, mitochondrial genetics, and oxidative stress?","volume":"37","author":"Cummins","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Reprod Dev"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0047","first-page":"236","article-title":"Free radical scavenging effect of donepezil as the possible contribution to its memory enhancing activity in mice","volume":"64","author":"Umukoro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Res"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-015-2182-0","article-title":"Effect of piracetam, vincamine, vinpocetine, and donepezil on oxidative stress and neurodegeneration induced by aluminum chloride in rats","volume":"25","author":"Abdel-Salam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comp Clin Path"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0049","first-page":"283","article-title":"Effect of donepezil and tacrine on oxidative stress in intracerebral streptozotocin-induced model of dementia in mice","volume":"10","author":"Saxena","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2015-0502","article-title":"Modulatory effects of caffeine on oxidative stress and anxiety-like behavior in ovariectomized rats","volume":"94","author":"Caravan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1177\/0394632017694898","article-title":"Caffeine intake decreases oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in experimental liver diseases induced by thioacetamide: biochemical and histological study","volume":"30","author":"Amer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2024103012325866300_jphp13142-cit-0052","first-page":"22","article-title":"Beneficial effects of oral pure caffeine on oxidative stress","volume":"10","author":"Metro","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjphp.13142","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jphp.13142","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jphp.13142","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpp\/article-pdf\/71\/10\/1565\/60225238\/jphp13142.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpp\/article-pdf\/71\/10\/1565\/60225238\/jphp13142.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T17:48:04Z","timestamp":1730310484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpp\/article\/71\/10\/1565\/6122008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jphp.13142","relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-7158","0022-3573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-7158","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0022-3573","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]}}}