{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T01:36:10Z","timestamp":1784079370269,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Foundation of Hubei Biological Enzyme Engineering Technology Research Center","award":["JS2018-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JS2018-06"]}]},{"name":"Research Foundation of Yichang City Science and Technology Bureau","award":["A18-302-a02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A18-302-a02"]}]},{"name":"Open Foundation of Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy","award":["2018KZL01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018KZL01"]}]},{"name":"Master Dissertation Foundation of China Three Gorges University","award":["2019SSPY159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019SSPY159"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our previous studies indicated that the triterpenes from the fruits of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (TCS) owned effectively therapeutic effects on gastric ulcer patients and animals, but its mechanisms have not been fully understood. The current study was to further investigate its protective effect on indomethacin (IND)-damaged RGM-1 cells and rats, as well as its mechanisms involved.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The gastroprotection of TCS was evaluated with IND-induced gastric lesions model in RGM-1 cells and rats. In vitro, the proliferation, migration, mitochondrial viability and apoptosis were assessed. In vivo, ulcer index, ulcer inhibition rate, gastric juice acidity, gastric wall mucus (GWM) and histopathology of gastric mucosa were detected. The gastroprotective effects of TCS through the TFF1-mediated EGF\/EGFR and apoptotic pathways were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot assays.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results demonstrated that TCS had gastroprotective function, which was related to the amelioration in promoting IND-damaged RGM-1 cell proliferation and migration, hoisting gastric juice acidity and GWM, improving ulcer index and ulcer inhibition rate, attenuating the haemorrhage, oedema, epithelial cell loss and inflammatory cell infiltration of gastric mucosa, upregulating PCNA, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl mRNA and TFF1, EGF, p-EGFR, p-Src, pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-9 protein expressions, mitochondrial viability, mitochondrial cytochrome c concentration and p-EGFR\/EGFR, p-Src\/Src, Bcl-2\/Bax, Bcl-xl\/Bad ratioes, downregulating Bax, Bad, Apaf-1 mRNA and cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved PARP-1 protein expressions and cytosol cytochrome c concentration.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our present study demonstrated that TCS\u2019s gastroprotective effect was closely connected with boosting TFF1 expression, activating TFF1-mediated EGF\/EGFR pathway, thus restraining mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis, which provided new insights into interpreting its underlying mechanism and promised to act as a candidate drug to treat gastric mucosal injury.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.13207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,21]],"date-time":"2019-12-21T01:23:50Z","timestamp":1576891430000},"page":"409-423","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Total triterpenes from the fruits of <i>Chaenomeles speciosa<\/i> (Sweet) Nakai protects against indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal injury: involvement of TFF1-mediated EGF\/EGFR and apoptotic pathways"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University , Yichang,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University , Yichang,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9109-9090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haibo","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University , Yichang,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University , Yichang,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minlu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University , Yichang,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University , Yichang,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijie","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University , Yichang,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junzhi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University , Yichang,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daoxiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seventh People\u2019s Hospital of Wenzhou , 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