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Evidence shows that pinealectomized animals fail to develop adaptive metabolic changes in response to aerobic exercise and therefore do not exhibit the same performance as control\u2010trained animals. The known prominent reduction in melatonin synthesis in aging animals led us to investigate the metabolic adaptations to physical training in aged animals with and without daily melatonin replacement. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>ale <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>istar rats were assigned to four groups: sedentary control (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>), trained control (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TC<\/jats:styled-content>), sedentary treated with melatonin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SM<\/jats:styled-content>), and trained treated with melatonin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TM<\/jats:styled-content>). Melatonin supplementation lasted 16\u00a0wk, and the animals were subjected to exercise during the last 8\u00a0wk of the experiment. After euthanasia, samples of liver, muscle, and adipose tissues were collected for analysis. Trained animals treated with melatonin presented better results in the following parameters: glucose tolerance, physical capacity, citrate synthase activity, hepatic and muscular glycogen content, body weight, protein expression of phosphatidylinositol 3\u2010kinase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content>3<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>), mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAPK<\/jats:styled-content>), and protein kinase activated by adenosine monophosphate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMPK<\/jats:styled-content>) in the liver, as well as the protein expression of the glucose transporter type 4 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLUT<\/jats:styled-content>4) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMPK<\/jats:styled-content> in the muscle. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that melatonin supplementation in aging animals is of great importance for the required metabolic adaptations induced by aerobic exercise. Adequate levels of circulating melatonin are, therefore, necessary to improve energetic metabolism efficiency, reducing body weight and increasing insulin sensitivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,7]],"date-time":"2013-05-07T15:45:46Z","timestamp":1367941546000},"page":"229-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Adaptations of the aging animal to exercise: role of daily supplementation with melatonin"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics Institute of Biomedical Sciences\u2010I University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP) S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria de Souza","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics Institute of Biomedical Sciences\u2010I 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